Analysis of water in room temperature ionic liquids by linear sweep, differential pulse and square wave cathodic stripping voltammetries

García-Mendoza, Arturo; Aguilar, Julio César

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.045

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…The absence of voltammetric peaks that could be associated to the reduction of platinum oxide formed from water traces allowed to confirm the inexistence of water at detectable levels. [28,29] Moreover, voltammetric peaks from electroactive impurities were not detected in the CVs, which confirms the high purity of the analyzed PILs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…In order to confirm the assignment of voltammetric waves to the reduction or oxidation of a specific free species, when possible, pure liquid components AcOH, DEA, or TBA were added during the experiments by using a needle connected to a micropipette. The absence of voltammetric peaks that could be associated to the reduction of platinum oxide formed from water traces allowed to confirm the inexistence of water at detectable levels . Moreover, voltammetric peaks from electroactive impurities were not detected in the CVs, which confirms the high purity of the analyzed PILs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Furthermore, at anodic potentials (E>0.7 V) a scan‐rate dependant oxidation peak (with much lesser current than the cathodic wave) is detected, which is associated to the mass‐transport controlled electro‐oxidation of a free species. It is unlikely that oxidation of water causes this peak because no reduction of Pt oxide associated to water traces was detected. Even though there are no reported evidences on electro‐oxidation of alkyl amines in ILs, oxidation of dissolved EA is a feasible reaction that could be taken place at these potentials causing this peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Role of Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) in Reactive Systems: Rational Selection of PILs for the Design of Green Synthesis Strategies for Allylic Amines and β‐Amino Esters

et al. 2019

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The reactive behaviour of protic ionic liquids (PILs) has been shown to be governed not only by their chemical structures but also by their global compositions, which include the presence of free acids and bases at equilibrium with ionic pairs. Six PILs composed of primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl ammonium cations with two couterions, nitrate or acetate, were tested in model reactions with unsaturated substrates. The free species that were naturally present in these liquids were identified by cyclic voltammetry. Only tributylammonium nitrate was found to be mostly composed just of the ionic pair; the other five PILs also contain variable amounts of free acid and amine. In reactive systems, these free species determine the products of the reaction. In particular, allylic amines and β‐amino esters were obtained in good yields (91 and 75 %, respectively) by reaction of conjugated dienes and acrylates in the presence of PILs. By taking into account the actual composition of each PIL, it was possible to direct the reaction path towards a specific product with good yields, to ensure acid catalysis, to avoid polymerization of the substrate, and to promote phase transfer of products. These results establish some useful guidelines for the rational design of new PIL‐based one‐step synthetic strategies.

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mentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Role of Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) in Reactive Systems: Rational Selection of PILs for the Design of Green Synthesis Strategies for Allylic Amines and β‐Amino Esters

et al. 2019

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Section: Voltammetric Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on the catalytic behaviour of sulfonic acid-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) in transesterification reactions – voltammetric characterization of sulfonic task-specific ILs with bisulfate anions

Martini

Fernández

Adam

2021

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…The sensitivity was highest using SWV for hydrogen chloride, but LSV gave slightly higher currents in the case of methylamine oxidation . For other dissolved solid/liquid analytes, SWV is typically more sensitive than LSV in RTILs; for the electroanalytical quantification of dissolved trace chloride ions , for the reduction of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the quantification of water in RTILs. In the latter case, DPV was also studied, and the sensitivity was found to be lowest out of all three techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Voltammetric Techniques for Ammonia Sensing in Ionic Liquids

Hussain

Silvester

2017

Electroanalysis

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In electroanalytical chemistry, it is often observed that square wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) are more sensitive techniques compared to linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), due to their method of sampling which minimises the charging current (non-faradaic processes). In this work, a comparison of the three techniques (LSV, DPV and SWV) is performed for ammonia (NH 3 ) gas oxidation (a chemically and electrochemically irreversible redox process) in an ionic liquid over a concentration range of 10-100 ppm. Four different platinum electrodes are employed: a screen-printed electrode (SPE), a thin-film electrode (TFE), a microarray thin-film electrode (MATFE) and a Pt microdisk electrode (m-disk). Calibration plots (current vs concentration) for all three different electrochemical techniques on all four surfaces showed excellent linearity with increased concentrations of NH 3 gas and relatively low limits of detection (LODs). On the larger mm-sized surfaces (SPE and TFE), the current responses for LSV and SWV were quite similar, but DPV gave the lowest currents. Whereas for the smaller micron sized electrodes (MATFE and m-disk), currents were of the order LSV > SWV > DPV, with LSV being far superior to the pulse techniques. These findings suggest that the pulse techniques of SWV and DPV may not be the optimum methods, particularly on microelectrodes, for the detection of analytes such as ammonia in RTILs.

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Analysis of water in room temperature ionic liquids by linear sweep, differential pulse and square wave cathodic stripping voltammetries

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Understanding the Role of Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) in Reactive Systems: Rational Selection of PILs for the Design of Green Synthesis Strategies for Allylic Amines and β‐Amino Esters

Understanding the Role of Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) in Reactive Systems: Rational Selection of PILs for the Design of Green Synthesis Strategies for Allylic Amines and β‐Amino Esters

Insights on the catalytic behaviour of sulfonic acid-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) in transesterification reactions – voltammetric characterization of sulfonic task-specific ILs with bisulfate anions

Comparison of Voltammetric Techniques for Ammonia Sensing in Ionic Liquids

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