Analysis of Vibration and Acoustic Signals for Noncontact Measurement of Engine Rotation Speed

Shan, Xuansheng; Tang, Lu; Wen, He; Martínek, Radek; Smulko, Janusz

doi:10.3390/s20030683

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…State monitoring primarily involves the assessment of factors such as velocity, acceleration, and vibration frequency. In general, the motion states of mechanisms are monitored using contact measurement [1,2] via external sensors or visual measurement [3][4][5]. Piezoelectric and capacitive sensors are the most prevalent types used for acceleration measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Zhao,

Han,

Deng

et al. 2024

Sensors

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With the development of the integration and miniaturization of sensing devices, the concept of self-sensing devices has been proposed. A motion state is self-sensed via the structure or integration of an actuator in the construction of a sensing unit. This device is then used to capture the perception and measurement of states such as position, displacement, and speed. A triboelectric nanogenerator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the coupling effect of contact generation and electrostatic induction, which represents one of the reliable ways through which to realize integrated sensing. In this world, the power generation technology of the TENG is applied to a sensing device. The sensing characteristics of a grid-like TENG are designed and analyzed in freestanding triboelectric mode. Firstly, a relation model of displacement, velocity, voltage, and charge is established. The charge-transfer increment and current amounts are linearly related to the velocity. The open-circuit voltage has a positive relationship with the displacement. The maximum open-circuit voltage and the maximum charge transfer are fixed values, and they are only related to the inherent parameters of a triboelectric nanogenerator. Next, the sensor model is constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. The simulation results show that the relationships between output voltage and charge transfer, as well as those between the increments of charge transfer, velocity, and displacement, are consistent with the results derived from the formula. Finally, a performance test of the designed sensor is carried out, and the results are consistent with the theoretical deduction and simulation. After analysis and processing of the output electrical signal by the host computer, it can feedback the frequency and speed value of the measured object. In addition, the output signal is stable, and there is no large fluctuation or attenuation during the 521-s vibration test. Because the working unit of the sensor is thin filmed, it is small in size, easy to integrate, and has no external power supply; moreover, it can be integrated into a device to realize the self-sensing of a motion state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Zhao,

Han,

Deng

et al. 2024

Sensors

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“…These devices require coupling to the motor shaft and are most often mounted into the car gearbox. There are also non-contact solutions for measuring the engine speed, based on the analysis of engine vibration [5], on the electrical noise produced by the spark plug during ignition over the battery voltage [6], or on various digital image processing methods applied to video recordings over rotating elements [7]. An interesting method of analyzing the automotive engine sound is depicted in [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engine rotational speed estimation using audio recordings and machine learning algorithms

Foşalău¹,

Maties²,

Zet³

2022

Proceedings of the 25th IMEKO TC4 International Symposium and 23rd International Workshop on ADC and DAC Modelling and Testing

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There are many situations in practice when the value of the rotational speed of an engine is needed to be known and a direct instrument for measuring it is not available or, if present, it is decalibrated. One can use instead a non-contact method for estimating the speed. The paper presents such a non-contact method for estimating the rotational speed of a heat engine based on audio recordings and machine learning algorithms. The method principle, experimental validation and a discussion upon the optimal parameters and factors that lead to the best performances are presented.

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“…The noncontact-type measurement methods convert the problem of estimating the rotational speed into that of estimating the frequency of a particular spectral component, which means noncontact methods can be realized by analyzing engine vibration frequency; it overcomes the aforesaid disadvantages. Lin and Ding [8] and Shan et al [9] use discrete spectrum correction theory [10] to improve the precision of fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis and get a satisfactory estimation result of rotational speed. Still, the accuracy and calculation burden depend on the characteristics of the chosen window function and the number of points involved in correction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Instantaneous Engine Speed Estimation Method Using Multiple Matching Synchrosqueezing Transform

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Instantaneous rotational speed measurement of the engine is crucial in routine inspection and maintenance of an automobile engine. Since the contact measurement of rotational speed is not always available, the vibration measurement has been used for noncontact rotational speed estimation methods. Unfortunately, the accuracy of the noncontact estimation methods by analyzing engine vibration frequency is not satisfactory due to the influence of noise and the strong nonstationary characteristic of the vibration signal. To overcome these problems, based on the multiple matching synchrosqueezing transform (MSST) (MMSST, improved MSST with multiple squeeze operations), a novel noncontact method is proposed to accurately estimate the instantaneous rotational speed of automobile engine in this paper. Firstly, a MMSST is proposed to process the vibration signal to obtain a concentrated time-frequency (TF) representation. Secondly, the instantaneous frequency (IF) detection algorithm is employed to extract the fundamental frequency from the TF result. Finally, the rotational speed of the engine is calculated according to the relationship between the fundamental frequency and rotational speed. Results from numerical simulations and test on real engine have proven that the proposed method can obtain much higher frequency resolution and more precise IF estimation of the engine vibration signal and more accurate rotational speed estimation result compared with the MSST method. Furthermore, the proposed method is verified to have a stronger noise robustness and can provide satisfactory estimation results for engine vibration signal containing nonlinear frequency-modulated components.

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Analysis of Vibration and Acoustic Signals for Noncontact Measurement of Engine Rotation Speed

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Engine rotational speed estimation using audio recordings and machine learning algorithms

An Instantaneous Engine Speed Estimation Method Using Multiple Matching Synchrosqueezing Transform

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