Analysis of Venetian-type glass fragments from the ancient city of Lezha (Albania)

Study of medieval glass fragments from Savona (Italy) and their relation with the glass produced in Altare

“…France, Liguria, Tuscany, Rome) and that were outside the Venetian rule. A different situation is found in the Adriatic area ( Smit et al, 2009a( Smit et al, , 2009b, where Venetian compositions are commonly present.…”

Analysis of Medieval and Post‐Medieval Glass Fragments from the Dubrovnik Region (Croatia)

“…) reveals the different concentrations of sodium and potassium oxides. The open contour and ellipse display the two regions of Venetian vitrum blanchum glass, as interpreted by Šmit et al (, 2542, fig. ).…”

“…) presents a plot of MgO versus Al 2 O 3 and it reveals the difference between the medieval and the ancient glass. The samples are mostly in the range of Venetian glass produced from a flux of halophytic plants (the larger ellipse), which implies MgO above 2% and Al 2 O 3 above 0.5–3.0% (Šmit et al , 2541). There are also samples that cannot be attributed to a halophytic flux type, but are also of the late medieval/early modern period and are made of other kinds of plant‐ash flux.…”

“…Our glasses are diverse and among them there are also mixed‐alkali plant‐ash glasses and those made of diverse halophytic plants. Some samples have large K 2 O concentrations, which demonstrates that the alkali source was fern or wood ash (Šmit et al , 2541). Only a few samples had MgO lower than 1%, suggesting that they were produced of natron or refined raw materials.…”

“…The Al 2 O 3 concentration was very low in both samples. Low values of alumina can point to raw materials that are purer in silica (e.g., pebbles from Alpine rivers) (Šmit et al , 2541).…”