Analysis of Various Smile Parameters Using Digital Photography: An Observational Study

Ramaswamy, Sushma; Rohilla, Nikita; Sathe, Tanuja T

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1856

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Evaluating and analyzing the photograph of an individual can be of great help to determine how the lip and teeth can make up a good smile during talking, smiling, or laughing [21]. Photographic analysis can determine how the lips and soft tissue frame the smile in different positions of speech, smiling, and laughing [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NHP has been proposed as a preferred reference position for assessing facial morphology. After the patient's head is fixed at NHP, they are asked to smile while looking at a fixed point as the photograph is shot [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors, using different methods, have conducted NHP studies and their data agree on the consistency of an individual's head posture over time [19]. In order to have an aesthetically pleasing restorative smile, the geometrical relationship between the LA and TA has to be determined [21]. It would also be helpful if statistically reliable relationships existed to support the existing relationship theories [22][23][24][25] as facial measurements in terms of aesthetics can be difficult and misleading due to the variability of the intra-cranial reference lines according to the diversity of head postures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The patient is instructed to perform a static and perfectly reproducible smile. It has been recommended that smile photographs be standardized with a static smile, due to its reproducibility, in the NHP [21]. In order to have an aesthetically pleasing smile, the midline of the face should coincide with the dental midline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and Comparison of the Geometrical Relationship of Tooth and Lip Arcs and Their Correlation to Smile Arcs Between Males and Females in a North Indian Population

Basak¹,

Kumar²,

Panmei³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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BackgroundWith the increasing influence of social media, millennials and the generations that follow have increasingly pressing aesthetic concerns. Following this, there has been a sea change in treatment plans and procedures as well as the choice of material. Dentistry nowadays is dependent on digital data to compute and design prostheses; these technologies are often not readily available all over the world. The purpose of this research article is to measure the tooth arc (TA) and lip arc (LA) and their correlation to the smile arcs with a cohort consisting of males and females from a single center in northern India. The SA measurement, evaluation, and comparison of smile aesthetics in this young population may be used as a threshold to these smile variables so that prosthodontists can easily prevent or modify aesthetically displeasing features. This research article will be useful for cases requiring restorations and replacements of maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and methodsIn this research work, photographic analysis was used and photographs of hundred subjects were taken. The camera was fixed using a tripod, at an 11-inch distance from the face, so that a clear picture of the face could be taken from the tip of the nose to the chin. A digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera (Nikon D-60, with the Nikon DX AF-S Nikkor 18-135mm lens, Tokyo, Japan) was used to take the facial photographs. As the posed smile is more predictable than the natural smile, subjects were asked to smile while keeping their natural head position (NHP). Parabolas were made with Math-GV software

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and Comparison of the Geometrical Relationship of Tooth and Lip Arcs and Their Correlation to Smile Arcs Between Males and Females in a North Indian Population

Basak¹,

Kumar²,

Panmei³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Evaluation of Smile Characteristics of Attractive Smile in Various Growth Patterns

Senthilkumar,

Krishnan,

Arasappan

et al. 2024

J Indian Orthod Soc

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Objective: To investigate the dynamic aspect of attractive smile and smile parameters in different growth patterns. Methods: Participants ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were randomly selected and videographic records of smile were obtained. A panel of two orthodontists, two prosthodontists, and two laypersons were involved in the selection of attractive smile. Inter-examiner variability was also assessed. The final sample of 84 participants with attractive smile were grouped into three categories based on clinical FMA into average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. Upper lip length = ULL-R, Lower lip length = LLL-R were measured on rest photographs. Upper lip length = ULL-S, Lower lip length = LLL-S, Upper lip thickness = ULT, Lower lip thickness = LLT, Maxillary incisal display = MID, Interlabial gap = ILG, Outer inter commissural width = ICW, Buccal corridor space = BC were measured on smile photographs. Pearson’s Chi-square test was done for the perception of attractiveness of smile. Differences among the three groups was subjected to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Highly significant correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. Vertical parameters such as upper lip length at rest, upper lip length during smile, lower lip length at rest, lower lip length during smile, and lower lip thickness (LLT) were significantly increased in the vertical pattern when compared with the average and horizontal growth pattern, whereas buccal corridor space was the least in horizontal growth pattern. Conclusion: Growth patterns appear to have an influence on perception of smile esthetics and smile parameters. This suggests that care should be taken while framing treatment goals considering the significant differences among growth patterns. Strong correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. ULL-R, ULL-S, LLL-R, LLL-S, and ΔULL show a significantly higher value in vertical growth pattern when compared to average and horizontal growth pattern. The buccal corridor space (BC) among the participants was the least in horizontal growth pattern.

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Analysis of Various Smile Parameters Using Digital Photography: An Observational Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation and Comparison of the Geometrical Relationship of Tooth and Lip Arcs and Their Correlation to Smile Arcs Between Males and Females in a North Indian Population

Evaluation and Comparison of the Geometrical Relationship of Tooth and Lip Arcs and Their Correlation to Smile Arcs Between Males and Females in a North Indian Population

Evaluation of Smile Characteristics of Attractive Smile in Various Growth Patterns

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