Analysis of urine composition from split 24-h samples: use of 12-h overnight samples to evaluate risk factors for calcium stones in healthy and stone-forming children

Mir, Concepcion; Rodríguez, Adrián; Rodrigo, D.; Sáez-Torres, Concepción; Frontera, Guiem; Lumbreras, Javier; Espinosa, N.; Gómez, Cristina; Costa-Bauzà, Antònia; Gráses, F.

doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.02.011

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The new physical analysis method proposed in this study has great application potential, at least for the severity diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes, especially in the middle and later stages, when patients have high levels of glucose in their urine. 33 As shown in Figure 15, the prevalence of diabetes of the world will increase from 8.3% about 4.63 hundred million diabetics in 2019 to 9.6% about 7 hundred million diabetics in 2045. 34 Clearly, it has a high increase rate and spreads around the globe, especially in rich places, such as South America and Middle East.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Solidification Characteristics of Sessile Urine Droplets on a Horizontal Cold Plate Surface under Natural Convection

et al. 2022

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As the human excreta, urine is often used as one of the test materials in medical research due to its composition and content directly reflecting the health status of the body. Considering that the substances in urine may show different effects on its freezing process, solidification characteristics of sessile urine droplets on a horizontal cold plate surface under natural convection were experimentally investigated by comparing with those of water droplets under same conditions. To make the conclusion analysis more reasonable, the urine of a human without any diseases, especially metabolic diseases, was treated and used. The characteristics include nucleation location, dynamic variation of droplet color, and temperatures at different heights inside the droplet, and so forth. It was found that, similar to that of a water droplet, the solidification process of a urine droplet also experiences the following four stages: supercooling, recalescence, freezing, and cooling, in chronological order. Differently, the urine droplet changes from transparent to blur white at the supercooling stage due to the precipitation of inorganic salts. For nucleation locations, 46.67% cases are at the bottom, while others are at the top and middle of urine droplets. For a 10 μL droplet on a surface of −30 °C, urine has a 0.95 s freezing duration shorter than water, and a 5.31 °C lower phase-transition temperature. Results of this study are expected to reflect the content of substances in urine and thus provide references for urinalysis of patients with metabolic diseases.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Solidification Characteristics of Sessile Urine Droplets on a Horizontal Cold Plate Surface under Natural Convection

et al. 2022

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“…In addition to the very limited number of published studies on incomplete dRTA in pediatric age, data on UpH values in children are scarce and mostly limited to timed urine samples ( 74 – 76 ). Skinner et al analyzed in 1996 the first morning UpH in 322 healthy children and found that only one child out of eight had a UpH ≤ 5.4, the median value being 6.0 ( 77 ).…”

Section: Incomplete Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (Drta)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of urinary acidification in children: Clinical utility

Díaz-Anadón

Cardo²,

Santos³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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The kidney plays a fundamental role in acid-base homeostasis by reabsorbing the filtered bicarbonate and by generating new bicarbonate, to replace that consumed in the buffering of non-volatile acids, a process that leads to the acidification of urine and the excretion of ammonium (NH4+). Therefore, urine pH (UpH) and urinary NH4+ (UNH4+) are valuable parameters to assess urinary acidification. The adaptation of automated plasma NH4+ quantification methods to measure UNH4+ has proven to be an accurate and feasible technique, with diverse potential indications in clinical practice. Recently, reference values for spot urine NH4+/creatinine ratio in children have been published. UpH and UNH4+, aside from their classical application in the study of metabolic acidosis, have shown to be useful in the identification of incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), an acidification disorder, without overt metabolic acidosis, extensively described in adults, and barely known in children, in whom it has been found to be associated to hypocitraturia, congenital kidney abnormalities and growth impairment. In addition, a low UNH4+ in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for glomerular filtration decay and mortality in adults, even in the absence of overt metabolic acidosis. We here emphasize on the need of measuring UpH and UNH4+ in pediatric population, establishing reference values, as well as exploring their application in metabolic acidosis, CKD and disorders associated with incomplete dRTA, including growth retardation of unknown cause.

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“…Повышение рН выше 6,5 может привести к активации кристаллизации СаР. Соответственно, следует контролировать суточные колебания рН мочи (например, с помощью лакмусовых полосок или электронного pH-метра) и поддерживать показатели в пределах 6,5-6,8, не более [64]. При проведении литолитической терапии рекомендуется увеличить потребление фруктов в целом и особенно цитру-совых (в том числе апельсиновых и лимонных соков) [65].…”

Section: литолитическая терапияunclassified

Treatment Characteristics of Kidney Stone Disease in Children

Bairashevskaia

Байдин

Цариченко

et al. 2021

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a disease caused by the formation of calculi in kidneys and other parts of the urinary tract. The rate of hospitalization of children with KSD worldwide is increasing. The adequate method of calculus extraction and further therapy according to calculus composition and metabolic disorders are crucial for effective treatment of patients with KSD and recurrence risk reduction. This review covers surgical (extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, retrograde intrarenal surgery, ureterolithotripsy, laparoscopy, open surgery) and non-surgical (lithokinetic and litholytic) therapy. Special attention is paid to metaphylaxis, or recurrence prevention, and calculi formation. It is noted that medication of children with KSD can be aggravated by various adverse reactions, complexity in drugs dosages in children of first years of life. Moreover, all surgical methods are characterized by high risk of postoperative complications development. The relevance of KSD genetic nature in children, the role of lifestyle changes in disease development, the implementation of new drugs for metabolic disorders correction are presented in the article.

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Analysis of urine composition from split 24-h samples: use of 12-h overnight samples to evaluate risk factors for calcium stones in healthy and stone-forming children

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental Study on Solidification Characteristics of Sessile Urine Droplets on a Horizontal Cold Plate Surface under Natural Convection

Experimental Study on Solidification Characteristics of Sessile Urine Droplets on a Horizontal Cold Plate Surface under Natural Convection

Evaluation of urinary acidification in children: Clinical utility

Treatment Characteristics of Kidney Stone Disease in Children

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