Analysis of ultra-low radionuclide concentrations in water samples with baromembrane method

Artificial Mussels: A New Tool for Monitoring Radionuclides in Aquatic Environments

“…Traditional methods for determining radionuclide concentrations in water require the sampling of a large volume of water, followed by evaporation, to form a concentrated water sample for measurements of gamma activities [15], or to form a dry sample for measurements of alpha and beta activities [16]. Despite the baromembrane (based on reverse osmosis) having been developed to reduce the time and effort spent concentrating radionuclides in water [17] and the range of analytical techniques developed for the determination of radionuclides (e.g., inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, laser-induced kinetic phosphorimetry, solid phase extraction, electrochemical approaches), a large volume of water, tedious sample pre-treatment, and stringent conditions are still typically required [1,18]. Empore Caesium Rad Disks [19,20], onsite flow filtration/adsorption [21], and nonwoven fabric cartridge filters impregnated with potassium zinc ferrocyanide [22] have also been employed to monitor radionuclides in aquatic environments.…”