Analysis of Transients during the Power System Restoration

Abstract

The paper presents simulation results of transients during the power system restoration. The Defence plan and Restoration plan development is a part of transmission system operator’s responsibilities and requires thorough calculations, simulations and publication of instructions. The plans focus on extensive failures that have a heavy impact on the system operation and could lead to a blackout. The Restoration plan of power system has to contain procedures for start-up without outside help. TSO regularly checks some part of the Restoration plan.

Resilience Neural-Network-Based Methodology Applied on Optimized Transmission Systems Restoration

“…The test input matrix contains 1024 test vectors on which the artificial neural network was tested. The results were compared to the known switching order matrix, and the difference was recognized as a faulty switching order (9). The best results were calculated for the artificial neural network with 50 neurons in the hidden layer, which was able to give a correct switching order in 88.9% of instances.…”

“…Presently, the detailed EPS restoration plans are created in advance, based on the power flow calculations, dynamic simulation of the operation states [6][7][8] and the transient electromagnetic phenomena [9] that occurred in the previous system contingencies. That is, the human experts heuristically gather knowledge in non-real time and prepare directions and whole scenarios on how to restore the system in certain types of situations.…”