Analysis of transient response of the human foot based on the finite element method

Li, Xiaoying; Yue, Yong; Wu, Xuyang; Huang, Xianwei; Yan-hua, Hao; Lü, Yong

doi:10.3233/thc-202673

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Wang et al [72] showed that body weight force (BWF) transmits through the medial metatarsals (1st, 2nd, and 3rd toes and metatarsals), which is in line with the results of peak plantar pressure region in Akrami et al [8] and also in agreement with the outcome of strain energy in foot parts [73]. In addition, Kalra et al [74] showed the important role of medial metatarsals, especially the second ray in BWF transmission by investigating 10 cadaveric feet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

An investigation into the hammer toe effects on the lower extremity mechanics and plantar fascia tension: A case for a vicious cycle and progressive damage.

Moayedi

Arshi

Salehi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Predicting and being aware of the side effects of the damage in one limb on the performance of other limbs is very important in the prevention of progressive damages. Finite element (FE) and musculoskeletal modeling can be helpful in this way. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the side effects of the hammer toe deformity on the lower extremity, especially on the plantar fascia functions. To compare the joint reactions of the hammer toe and healthy foot (HF), two musculoskeletal models (MSM) of the healthy and the hammer toe foot (HTF) subject were developed based on gait analysis. A previously validated 3D finite element model was constructed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the diabetic participant with the hammer toe deformity processed at five different events during the stance phase of gait. It was found that the hammer toe deformity makes dorsiflexion of the toes, and the windlass mechanism is less effective during walking. Specifically, the FE analysis results showed that plantar fascia (PF) in HTF compared to HF played a less dominant role in load bearing with both medial and lateral parts loaded. Also, the results indicated that the stored elastic energy in PF was less in HTF than the HF, which can indicate a metabolic cost during walking. Internal stress distribution shows that the majority of ground reaction forces are transmitted through the lateral metatarsals in hammer toe foot, and the probability of fifth metatarsal fracture and also progressive deformity like tailor's bunion was subsequently increased. The MSM results showed that the joint reaction forces and moments in hammer toe foot have deviated from normal function, with the metatarsophalangeal joint showing that the reactions in hammer toe are less than the healthy foot. This can indicate a viscous cycle of foot deformity, increased internal stresses, change in muscle forces and joint kinetics and plantar fascia tensile forces from normal, which can lead to increase the risk of ulceration in the diabetic foot.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

An investigation into the hammer toe effects on the lower extremity mechanics and plantar fascia tension: A case for a vicious cycle and progressive damage.

Moayedi

Arshi

Salehi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(MHLW,2019) The human body model referred to is upright, but the knee joint is bent at 90 degrees and adjusted to take into account the length below the knee from under the floor. The material constants of the human body model are determined by referring to the material constants of the analysis simulation (Xiaoying, Liu et. Al., 2022).…”

Section: Human Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft Seat Design Indicators for Eliminating Economy Class Syndrome

2023

Proceedings of the XXXVth Annual International Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Conference

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One of the serious risks for the passengers in the airplane cabin is the so-called economy class syndrome (ECS). It is caused by the combination of "deep vein thrombosis," in which a blood clot forms in a vein of the lower extremity due to poor blood flow caused by prolonged seating, and "pulmonary thromboembolism," in which a blood clot forms in a vein and flows into a pulmonary artery, causing an embolus in the pulmonary artery. Its main cause is thought to be a compression of the popliteal and femoral veins, which are deep veins in the lower extremities, due to the narrow seating environment over a long period. In past studies, experimental investigations have shown that a pressure reduction on the buttocks and thighs is desirable. Experiments have focused on the cushion materials used in aircraft seats. However, they have not been conducted on subjects with the physique of patients diagnosed with ECS or with a similar physique to them because it is often difficult to find such subjects. This study aims to develop a human body model based on the physique of a patient who suffered from ECS to conduct seating simulations using non-linear finite element analyses. Then, we aim to quantitatively identify the causes of ECS and to create a design index for an ideal shape and stiffness of a seat cushion based on the numerical simulations. In the numerical analyses, we verify the seat cushion model and the human body model created by structural analysis software with experimental data. It is important that two human body models: one of a patient diagnosed with ECS (elderly, female, obese body type) and the other of a normal person (male) are analyzed to drive the design index for an ideal seat.

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“…FEM simulation techniques have been used as an effective analytical method to support biomechanical analysis of the human body and have great potential for application in the medical field over the years [19,20]. Furthermore, FEM allows biomechanical modeling and simulation of the soft tissue, bone, and midsole structures of the foot to analyze the deformation, force, displacement, and stress-strain of each tissue structure under different loading conditions, material properties, and boundary conditions [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Different Footwear Midsole Structures on Plantar Pressure Distribution and Bone Stress in Obese and Healthy Children

Zhou,

Niu,

Yick

et al. 2023

Bioengineering

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The foot, as the foundation of the human body, bears the vast majority of the body’s weight. Obese children bear more weight than healthy children in the process of walking and running. This study compared three footwear midsole structures (solid, lattice, and chiral) based on plantar pressure distribution and bone stress in obese and healthy children through numerical simulation. The preparation for the study included obtaining a thin-slice CT scan of a healthy 9-year-old boy’s right foot, and this study distinguished between a healthy and an obese child by applying external loadings of 25 kg and 50 kg in the finite element models. The simulation results showed that the plantar pressure was mainly concentrated in the forefoot and heel due to the distribution of gravity (first metatarsal, fourth metatarsal, and heel bone, corresponding to plantar regions M1, M4, and HM and HL) on the foot in normal standing. Compared with the lattice and solid EVA structures, in both healthy and obese children, the percentage reduction in plantar pressure due to the chiral structure in the areas M1, M4, HM, and HL was the largest with values of 38.69%, 34.25%, 64.24%, and 54.03% for an obese child and 33.99%, 28.25%, 56.08%, and 56.96% for a healthy child. On the other hand, higher pressures (15.19 kPa for an obese child and 5.42 kPa for a healthy child) were observed in the MF area when using the chiral structure than when using the other two structures, which means that this structure can transfer an amount of pressure from the heel to the arch, resulting in a release in the pressure at the heel region and providing support at the arch. In addition, the study found that the chiral structure was not highly sensitive to the external application of body weight. This indicates that the chiral structure is more stable than the other two structures and is minimally affected by changes in external conditions. The findings in this research lay the groundwork for clinical prevention and intervention in foot disorders in obese children and provide new research ideas for shoe midsole manufacturers.

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Analysis of transient response of the human foot based on the finite element method

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

An investigation into the hammer toe effects on the lower extremity mechanics and plantar fascia tension: A case for a vicious cycle and progressive damage.

An investigation into the hammer toe effects on the lower extremity mechanics and plantar fascia tension: A case for a vicious cycle and progressive damage.

Aircraft Seat Design Indicators for Eliminating Economy Class Syndrome

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Different Footwear Midsole Structures on Plantar Pressure Distribution and Bone Stress in Obese and Healthy Children

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