Analysis of transcriptomic changes in bovine endometrial stromal cells treated with lipopolysaccharide

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Background: Endometritis adversely affects the ability of cattle to reproduce, and significantly reduces milk production. Consequently, it has great influence on the economic value of dairy cows. The endometrium is mainly composed of epithelial and stromal cells and they produce the first immune response to invading pathogens. Epithelial cells are the first cellular barrier through which bacteria enter the uterine endometrium. However, most of the epithelial cells are disrupted and stromal cells are exposed to an inflammatory environment when endometritis occurs, especially postpartum. Inflammation in endometrial stromal cells is thus activated, immune-related cytokines and signaling pathways are activated. This indicates that endometritis is becoming more and more serious. However, inflammatory response in bovine endometrial stromal cells is yet to be studied in detail. Understanding the genome-wide characterization of the bovine endometritis will be beneficial for prevention and treatment of endometritis. In this study, whole-transcriptomic gene changes in bovine stromal cells treated with LPS were compared with those treated with PBS (control group) and were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Results: Compared with the control group, a total of 366 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in LPS-induced group (234 upregulated and 132 downregulated genes), with an adjusted P -value＜0.05 by DESeq. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed DEGs were most enriched in lymphocyte activation, interleukin-1 receptor binding, regulation of cell activation, and lymphocyte-activated interleukin-12 production. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed DEGs were most enriched in TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD-like) receptor signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway. Conclusion: Our results proved and expanded findings of previous studies on bovine endometritis. These results will be useful to propose new therapeutic targets and eliminate or reduce inflammation by comprehending molecular mechanisms and authenticating unique genes related to endometritis.</jats:p>