Analysis of traces of surfactants in water with anion-exchange resin and polymeric adsorbent

Saito, Toshihide; Hagiwara, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1007/bf00636074

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…For the separation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) from APEOs, water samples are shaken with an anion-exchange resin. The resulting filtrate is shaken with 1 g of XAD-2, and then the APEOs adsorbed on the resin are eluted with 100 mL of methanol with recoveries of 90−100% for 0.5 and 2.0 mg L -1 aqueous NP9EO standard solutions . XAD-4 resin turns out to be an useful adsorbent for the extraction of polyethoxylated detergents from river water.…”

Section: B Extraction1 Solid Phase Extraction (Spe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting filtrate is shaken with 1 g of XAD-2, and then the APEOs adsorbed on the resin are eluted with 100 mL of methanol with recoveries of 90-100% for 0.5 and 2.0 mg L -1 aqueous NP9EO standard solutions. 51 XAD-4 resin turns out to be an useful adsorbent for the extraction of polyethoxylated detergents from river water. A narrow glass column is filled with 5 g of resin and purified by successive washings with acetone:hexane (1:1), acetone, and ethanol prior to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Trace Analysis and Environmental Behavior

1997

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APEOs, the reader is referred to other books and reviews. [24][25][26][27][28][29] II. Analysis A. Sampling and StorageAnalytical results significantly depend on the homogeneity of the samples and accurate storage procedures which guarantee that no changes take place in the composition of the samples. The main problem of surfactants in general is their tendency to adsorb on all phase boundaries due to their amphiphilic nature. Consequently losses to surfaces or suspended solids from aqueous solutions are commonplace. Especially for matrices like sewage sludge, sediment, or soils, quantitative recovery of analytes turns out to be very difficult. Therefore, internal standards are added to the samples to correct for nonquantitative recovery during isolation and quantification of the analytes. Giger et al. used n-nonylbenzene 11,30 and 2,4,6-tribromophenol 8 in gas chromatographic determinations of APs/APEOs from sludge and water, respectively. 4-n-Nonylphenol, which is not included in technical NP, is applied to the quantification of NP in soils by GC. 31 For water analysis by HPLC 2,4,6-trimethylphenol is well suited. 32 This approach, however, is useless for nonspecific methods since they cannot discriminate analytes initially present from added internal standards.Environmental samples have to be preserved immediately upon collection with chemical biocides to minimize and prevent microbial degradation of the surfactant present. Water samples from sewage treatment plants, rivers, or seas are generally collected in glass bottles, preserved with 1% formaldehyde, and stored at 4 °C. [33][34][35][36][37] A less common preservation method for aqueous samples is the addition of methylene chloride and acidification to pH 2 with hydrochloric acid. 38 Kubeck et al. showed that refrigeration alone was sufficient to stabilize river water samples for up to 4 weeks. 35 Due to diurnal variations of APEO concentrations in the influents and effluents of sewage treatment plants, 24-h and 2-h composite samples should be collected, ideally, with automatic sampling devices. 39 Sewage sludges are dealt with in the same way as water samples, i.e. preservation with 1% formaldehyde and storage at 4 °C. 39,40 Jobst et al. preferred aluminium vessels to store the sludge samples. 41 Sediment samples are collected from the upper 2 cm using a grab sampler and frozen at -20 °C until analysis. 33,[42][43][44] In the laboratory, samples are freezedried 44 or air-dried at 21 °C43 .The application of sewage sludges to agricultural land has resulted in the need to monitor concentrations of detergents in sludge-amended soils. Soil samples are collected from the upper 5 cm with a stainless steel corer, dried at 60 °C, pulverized, and stored in the dark at 4 °C. 40 Biological matrices represent a difficult problem with regard to a representative sampling and a unchanged composition of the samples during storage. The Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) of Germany has developed a method for collection and preparation of fresh biological materials. 45,46 ...

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Section: B Extraction1 Solid Phase Extraction (Spe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Trace Analysis and Environmental Behavior

1997

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“…Water sampies (500-1000 ml) were shaken with 1 g XAD-2 for 4 hours and the nonionics eluted with 100 ml methanol with recoveries of90-1oo% by Saito and Hagiwara [19].…”

Section: Solid Phase Extraction (Spe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Environmental Chemistry, Fate and Effects of Nonionic Surfactants

1992

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“…The lipophilic portion of the sample is isolated from the water matrix by passage through Amberlite XAD-2 resin, a non-polar styrene/divinylbenzene polymer. This technique has been shown by other investigators to be effective in concentrating ethoxylated surfactants from an aqueous matrix (22,23). A preliminary petroleum ether wash of the resin removes much of the fatty material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

HPLC Determination of ethoxylated alcohol surfactants in wastewater

Schmitt

Allen

Brain

et al. 1990

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) may be used for analysis of municipal wasterwater containing ethoxylated alcohol surfactants. After cleanup of the sample by XAD‐2 resin, liquid‐liquid extraction, ion exchange and cobalt thiocyanate extraction, the surfactant is derivatized with phenyl isocyanate to permit UV detection and analyzed by both normal phase and reversedphase HPLC. The alkyl chain length distribution is determined using reversed‐phase HPLC, while the ethoxy chain length is determined by normal phase HPLC. The limit of quantification is 0.1 ppm.

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Analysis of traces of surfactants in water with anion-exchange resin and polymeric adsorbent

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Trace Analysis and Environmental Behavior

Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Trace Analysis and Environmental Behavior

The Environmental Chemistry, Fate and Effects of Nonionic Surfactants

HPLC Determination of ethoxylated alcohol surfactants in wastewater

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