Analysis of thermal stratification impact on the design of cooling channels for liquid rocket engines

Leonardi, Marco; Pizzarelli, Marco; Nasuti, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.02.028

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Extensive research has been conducted on the heat transfer process [9][10][11][12], correlation fitting [13][14][15], and channel configuration optimization [16][17][18] for regenerative cooling of methane in both supercritical and subcritical conditions. While there is a wealth of knowledge on supercritical heat transfer, the experimental research on subcritical cooling, which involves complex factors such as phase-change heat absorption and temperature gap heat transfer, is relatively limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Methane in Mini Channel

Song,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2023

DDF

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LOX/LCH4 rocket engine has been recognized as the ideal power choice for future space vehicles due to the merits of low cost, non-toxic and pollution-free, convenient maintenance, suitable for reuse and high specific impulse. In the process of wide range variable thrust of LOX/LCH4 rocket engine, the coolant methane is in a subcritical state due to the low combustor pressure under low operation conditions. The instability of two-phase flow is easy to occur in regenerative cooling channel (RCC), and it is urgent to investigate the heat transfer performance of methane with phase change in RCC. Experiments have been conducted to investigate the flow boiling characteristics of liquid methane in the single mini channels with the diameters of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm. Effects of the mass flux (266.75~1781.26 kg/m2·s), inlet pressure (0.56~4.24 MPa), heat flux (53.25~800.07 kW/m2) and channel diameter (1.0~2.0 mm) on the flow boiling heat transfer coefficients are tested. Results show that there are two regions with different heat transfer mechanism, one is the nucleate boiling dominated region for low mass quality and the other is the convection evaporation dominated region for high mass quality. A new correlation expressed by Bo, We, Kp, X, Co, Ftg is proposed, which yields good fitting for 355 experimental data with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 10.9%. Present experimental results can provide reference for the thermal protection prediction and optimal design of RCC in LOX/LCH4 rocket engine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Methane in Mini Channel

Song,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2023

DDF

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“…This stratification leads to hot fluid at the bottom and cold fluid in the upper part of the channel and thus limits the heat transfer capabilities. The impact of this effect is intensively studied both experimental 25,25) and numerically 11,15,16) with hydrogen as coolant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Processes in Rocket Engine Cooling Channels Operated with Cryogenic Hydrogen and Methane at Supercritical Conditions

Haemisch

Suslov

Oschwald

2021

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

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Hydrogen and Methane are two fluids that are either used or in discussion as propellants for upper and lower stage rocket engines. The conception of a regenerative cooling system is a crucial part in the design of a rocket engine and so is the detailed knowledge of the coolants behavior and the heat transfer capabilities. Hydrogen is a very efficient and well known cooling fluid whereas the properties of methane as a cooling fluid are intensively investigated nowadays. Experiments were performed with a subscale combustion chamber that is divided into four sectors around the circumference each containing rectangular cooling channels with different aspect ratios. Cryogenic hydrogen and liquid methane were used as cooling fluids. These experiments provide a broad data basis that is used for the validation of CFD simulations. The simulations are capable of predicting wall temperatures for high pressure conditions. Thermal stratification effects that are known to limit cooling properties in high aspect ratio cooling channels arise for both fluids, but the effects are much stronger for hydrogen compared to methane. However in the vicinity to the critical point, when it comes to heat transfer deterioration, the simulations show large deviations to the experimental values.

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“…Moreover, such research becomes necessary due to its occurrence in several applications illustrated further in this section. Leonardi et al [24] presented the critical sig-nificance of the effect of thermal stratification phenomena on the cooling system of the liquid rocket engine. Moreover, they described the requirement of its inclusion in the modeling to achieve the modern-day prototype of the liquid rocket engine thrust chamber.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy and multiphysics analysis in a viscous dissipative non-Darcian porous enclosure

2021

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The present article assessed the mathematical model for the entropy generation in free convective heat and mass transfer phenomenon in the thermal and species stratified fluid-saturated non-Darcy porous domain. In this model, the viscous dissipation forces are assumed significant. Moreover, the physical model is exposed to the magnetic forces to accommodate the control over the stratification forces. For a better understanding of the temperature and concentration field, the heat function (H ) and mass function (M) models for the multi-force effect on porous media flow, are proposed in this study by which the directional flow accompanying magnitudes of heat flux and mass flux can be visually manifested. To solve the mathematical model numerically, the finite element method is implemented on the dimensionless form of the governing nonlinear partial differential equations. The obtained results are portrayed by of the streamline, isotherm, isoconcentration contours, and cumulative Nusselt and Sherwood number plots for the parameters associated with the problem with additional heatline and massline contour visuals. Moreover, the thermodynamical attributes of fluid flow are illustrated by the contour plots of the entropy production due to fluid friction, heat transfer, mass transfer, and total entropy. Besides, the other characteristics are delineated by the Bejan number plots for the study of thermodynamic irreversibilities. Here, it is observed that the intensification of thermal buoyancy forces raises the stratification levels in the fluid flow. The high intensity of stratification forces introduces the contra-rotating pair of fluid flow movements. On the other hand, horizontally applied magnetic forces significantly restrict the convective flow of heat and mass fluxes, resulting in a massive drop of entropy generation by viscous dissipation. NomenclatureB Buoyancy ratio Be Bejan Number C Non-dimensional species concentration c Dimensional species concentration c p Specific heat at constant temperature c s Concentration susceptibility a e-mails:

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Analysis of thermal stratification impact on the design of cooling channels for liquid rocket engines

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Experimental Investigation on Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Methane in Mini Channel

Experimental Investigation on Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Liquid Methane in Mini Channel

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Processes in Rocket Engine Cooling Channels Operated with Cryogenic Hydrogen and Methane at Supercritical Conditions

Entropy and multiphysics analysis in a viscous dissipative non-Darcian porous enclosure

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