Analysis of the wear of forging tools surface layer after hybrid surface treatment

Hawryluk, Marek; Gronostajski, Z.; Kaszuba, M.; Polak, S.; Widomski, Paweł; Smolik, J.; Ziemba, Jacek

doi:10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2016.12.010

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…37,000 forgings. Work carried out with the use of other hybrid layers with various PVD coatings, including monoblock and multilayer [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] including: AlCrTiN monoblock , AlCrTiSiN monoblock , (CrN/TiN) × 3 multilayer, and "Triple Coatings" [97][98][99] incl. : Cr/CrN/CrN-AlCrN multilayer / AlCrN-TiSiN multinanolayer , Cr/CrN monoblock /AlCrTiN nanocomposite , CrN/AlCrN monoblock / AlCrTiSiN nanocomposite , confirmed in each case the highest efficiency of NL + (Cr/CrN) × 8 hybrid layers.…”

Section: Hybrid Layer Nl + Cr/(crn-craln) Multilayer /Alcrtin Nanocompositementioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Protective Layers on Forging Dies—Development and Applications

Smolik

2021

Coatings

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The article presents a summary of many years of activities in the area of increasing the durability of forging dies. The results of comprehensive research work on the analysis of the destructive mechanisms of forging dies and the possibility of increasing their durability with the use of modern surface engineering methods are presented. Great possibilities in terms of shaping operational properties of forging dies by producing hybrid layers of the “Nitrided Layer + PVD Coating” (NL + PVD coating) type were confirmed. An analysis of changes in forging dies durability under various operating conditions was performed, i.e., forging—die—forging press—pressures. It has been shown that the variety of parameters of the forging process, including forgings’ geometry and weight, materials, precision, pressures applied, and, what is very important, quality of machines, makes it very difficult to compare the effectiveness of various PVD coating solutions in the process of increasing the durability of forging dies. Hybrid layers of the “NL + PVD coating” type create great possibilities in shaping the operational properties of tools and machine elements. However, in each application a precise diagnosis of the wear mechanism and the design of an individual PVD coating material solution is required.

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Section: Hybrid Layer Nl + Cr/(crn-craln) Multilayer /Alcrtin Nanocompositementioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Protective Layers on Forging Dies—Development and Applications

Smolik

2021

Coatings

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“…The lowest temperature values occur on the radius of the rounding of the tool, where the contact with the formed forging is the shortest. Detailed information on the subject of the conducted tests has been given in earlier publications by the authors [5][6][7][8][9][10], based on which an extensive database was developed, from which the results for the analyzed cover forging process were selected. Table 3 presents a part of the developed database.…”

Section: Figure 8 Hv Microhardness Distribution On the Cross-section Of Tools In Area: A) R2 B) P2mentioning

confidence: 99%

A system of analysis and prediction of the loss of forging tool material applying artificial neural networks

Hawryluk

Malinowska

2018

J min metall B Metall

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The article presents the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) to build a system of analysis and forecasting of the durability of forging tools and the process of acquiring the source knowledge necessary for the network learning process. In particular, the study focuses on the prediction of the geometrical loss of the tool material after different surface treatment variants.The methodology of developing neural network models and their quality parameters is also presented. The standard single-layer MLP networks were used here; their quality parameters are at a high level and the results presented with their participation give satisfactory results in line with technological practice. The data used in the learning process come from extensive comprehensive performance tests of forging tools operating under extreme operating conditions (cyclic mechanical and thermal loads). The parameterization of the factors important for the selected forging process was made and a database was developed, including 900 knowledge vectors, each of which provided information on the size of the geometrical loss of the tool material (explained variables). The value of wear was determined for the set values of explanatory variables such as: number of forgings, pressure, temperature on selected tool surfaces, friction path and the variant of the applied surface treatment. The results presented in the study, confirmed by expert technologists, have a clear applicational character, because based on the presented solutions, the optimal treatment can be chosen and the appropriate preventive measures applied, which will extend the service life.

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“…The wear process of this kind of element is affected by many, often contradictory, factors, which make the analysis of their operation very difficult and complex, similarly to the case of other shaping tools which work under extreme conditions (varying pressures and temperature gradients, a long path of friction, etc.) [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. It is estimated that, under industrial conditions, the machines and devices are subjected to wear processes of the surface area, as a result of which 50% of elements become worn in the abrasive process, 15% as a result of adhesion and 8% due to the effect of erosion [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Studies of the Durability of Tools Used to Form Ceramic Tiles Made of Hardox 600 and NC11LV Steel

et al. 2021

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The study performs a comparative analysis of the wear of tools made of two wear-resistant materials: steel Hardox 600 and NC11LV, used in the process of forming a band for roofing tiles. The analyses were to allow the assessment of the possibility of replacing the standard material for tools in this process with a much less expensive tool steel for cold work after heat treatment (with a large number of carbides), as an alternative material dedicated to tools resistant to intense abrasive wear. The performed investigations included a macroscopic and geometrical analysis with the use of 3D scanning, microstructural analyses conducted by means of a light microscope, as well as an analysis of the topography of the working areas of the tools with the use of SEM, and microhardness tests. The obtained results demonstrate that the tools made of both materials were characterized with a similar level of wear, which, in the most critical area, reached over 4 mm, while the tools made of steel NC11LV worked over a much longer period of time without regeneration, equaling 912 h, and an insert made of steel Hardox 600 operated for 384 h. A higher tool life in the case of NC11LV steel may be the result of higher hardness and the presence of hard carbides.

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Analysis of the wear of forging tools surface layer after hybrid surface treatment

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Hard Protective Layers on Forging Dies—Development and Applications

Hard Protective Layers on Forging Dies—Development and Applications

A system of analysis and prediction of the loss of forging tool material applying artificial neural networks

Preliminary Studies of the Durability of Tools Used to Form Ceramic Tiles Made of Hardox 600 and NC11LV Steel

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