Analysis of the transition of the land use and cover: subsidy to public policies of soil use in the Brazilian Savannah

Abstract

The changes in the land use and cover to supply the human demands have caused an unbalance in the ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the space-time dynamics of the transformations of soil use allows enabling technical-scientific basis to protect vulnerable areas, which is possible through the application of the Geographic Information System (GIS), and of remote sensing products. Thus, the objective was to analyze the changes of the land use and cover in the years of 2013 and 2020 in the hydrographic basin of Montividiu River, in the state of Goiás, Brazil, using images of Operational Land Imager (OLI) system. The verification of the pattern and magnitude of the changes of the land use and factors that have influenced the process occurred by a synergy of orbital data, observation on the field, and geospatial analysis with the Cross-tabulation Matrix. Conversions between classes of pasture, exposed soil, agriculture, Cerrado's natural vegetation, industry, rural buildings, water, and the like, were identified, emphasizing the domain of agriculture areas since 2013, the decrease of native vegetation, and expansion of areas of exposed soil, industries areas, urban areas, areas destined to eucalyptus plantation, and rural buildings. The results showed transformations in the soil cover, and the environmental implications of the changes of land use in the hydrographic basin of Montividiu River, enabling data to subsidize policies of local land use and other studies.