Analysis of the tonal sound generation during phonation with and without glottis closure

Kniesburges, Stefan; Lodermeyer, Alexander; Semmler, Marion; Schulz, Yvonne Katrin; Schützenberger, Anne; Becker, Stefan

doi:10.1121/10.0001184

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, the qualitative trend of CPP was also found in ex vivo studies with human (Birk et al, 2017b) and rabbit larynges (Döllinger et al, 2018;Thornton et al, 2019), as shown in Table 4. The high CPP values for GC2 and GC3 for symmetrically oscillating VFs shows, that the acoustic signal is still tonal and physiological for small posterior gaps as often observed in physiological phonation of women and childs (Södersten and Lindestad, 1990;Södersten et al, 1995;Inwald et al, 2010;Patel et al, 2012;Kniesburges et al, 2020). Quantitatively, our CPP values are in the range of values reported by Döllinger et al (2018) and Thornton et al (2019).…”

Section: Quality Of Acoustic Signalsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…For GC4 and GC5, the vocal folds remain open along the entire glottis length during the oscillation cycle, see Supplementary Videos 3, 4. This absent interruption of the glottal jet is often related to an aspirated voice signal characterized by lower tonal sound components (Fritzen et al, 1986;Bhatt and Verma, 2014;Kniesburges et al, 2020). As reported by Sadeghi et al (2018), the VeFs have a stabilizing influence on the glottal jet.…”

Section: Energy Transfermentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The 3D aeroacoustic numeric larynx model simVoice is a combination of the Finite Volume (FV) CFD solver Star-CCM+ and the Finite Element (FE) solver CFS++ (Kaltenbacher, 2015). The basic simVoice model was validated against a silicone model that provided an extensively large set of experimental data, including the vocal fold motion, the flow field, and produced sound field (Kniesburges et al, 2013(Kniesburges et al, , 2016(Kniesburges et al, , 2020Lodermeyer et al, 2015Lodermeyer et al, , 2018. Characteristic parameters of the silicone model performance and corresponding physiological male values are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Methods: Hybrid Aeroacoustic Numerical Larynx Model-simvoicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower part of Figure 3 shows the phases of the synthetic vocal folds during one oscillation cycle (Lodermeyer et al, 2015;Kniesburges et al, 2020) and the corresponding glottal area waveform (GAW). The GAW is computed as the change of glottal area over time and is a common measure for the description of laryngeal dynamics.…”

Section: Vocal Fold Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numeric simulations, regarding the effect of the glottal insufficiency on the human voice, were done by Zörner et al (2016) and on the asymmetric vocal fold oscillations by Xue et al (2010) and Samlan et al (2014). In contrast to experimental models, computer models provide the complete 3D data of the flow field TABLE 1 | Parameter reported for normal male phonation in in vivo and ex vivo studies compared with the experimental silicone model synthVOICE (Kniesburges et al, 2013(Kniesburges et al, , 2016(Kniesburges et al, , 2020Kniesburges, 2014) (validation cases) and the performed numerical validation simulations by simVoice (Sadeghi et al, 2018(Sadeghi et al, , 2019aSadeghi, 2019;Schoder et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D-FV-FE Aeroacoustic Larynx Model for Investigation of Functional Based Voice Disorders

et al. 2021

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For the clinical analysis of underlying mechanisms of voice disorders, we developed a numerical aeroacoustic larynx model, called simVoice, that mimics commonly observed functional laryngeal disorders as glottal insufficiency and vibrational left-right asymmetries. The model is a combination of the Finite Volume (FV) CFD solver Star-CCM+ and the Finite Element (FE) aeroacoustic solver CFS++. simVoice models turbulence using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and the acoustic wave propagation with the perturbed convective wave equation (PCWE). Its geometry corresponds to a simplified larynx and a vocal tract model representing the vowel /a/. The oscillations of the vocal folds are externally driven. In total, 10 configurations with different degrees of functional-based disorders were simulated and analyzed. The energy transfer between the glottal airflow and the vocal folds decreases with an increasing glottal insufficiency and potentially reflects the higher effort during speech for patients being concerned. This loss of energy transfer may also have an essential influence on the quality of the sound signal as expressed by decreasing sound pressure level (SPL), Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP), and Vocal Efficiency (VE). Asymmetry in the vocal fold oscillations also reduces the quality of the sound signal. However, simVoice confirmed previous clinical and experimental observations that a high level of glottal insufficiency worsens the acoustic signal quality more than oscillatory left-right asymmetry. Both symptoms in combination will further reduce the quality of the sound signal. In summary, simVoice allows for detailed analysis of the origins of disordered voice production and hence fosters the further understanding of laryngeal physiology, including occurring dependencies. A current walltime of 10 h/cycle is, with a prospective increase in computing power, auspicious for a future clinical use of simVoice.

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Section: Quality Of Acoustic Signalsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Energy Transfermentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methods: Hybrid Aeroacoustic Numerical Larynx Model-simvoicementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vocal Fold Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D-FV-FE Aeroacoustic Larynx Model for Investigation of Functional Based Voice Disorders

et al. 2021

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Efficient numerical simulation of the human voice

Maurerlehner

Schoder

Freidhager

et al. 2021

Elektrotech. Inftech.

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The process of voice production is a complex process and depends on the correct interaction of the vocal folds and the glottal airstream inducing the primary voice source, which is subsequently modulated by the vocal tract. Due to the restricted access to the glottis, not all aspects of the three-dimensional process can be captured by measurements without influencing the measurement object. Hence, the application of a numerical tool capturing the physical process of phonation can provide an extended database for voice treatment and, therefore, can contribute to an increased effectiveness of voice treatment. However, such numerical models involve complex and demanding procedures to model the material behavior and the mechanical contact of the vocal folds and to realize moving boundaries of the involved physical domains. The present paper proposes a numerical model called simVoice, which circumvents these computational expenses by prescribing the experimentally obtained vocal fold motion within the simulation. Additionally, a hybrid approach for sound computation further enhances the computational efficiency and yields good agreement with acoustic measurements. An analysis of the computational workloads suggests that the key factor for a further increase in efficiency is an optimized flow simulation and source term computation.

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Influence of Perspective Distortion in Laryngoscopy

Veltrup,

Kniesburges,

Semmler

2023

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Objective: An experiment with controllable boundaries was designed to assess the influence of the recording angle and distance on two-dimensional (2D) imaging in laryngoscopy and resulting 2D parameter calculation derived from the glottal area waveform (GAW). Method: Two high-speed camera setups were used to synchronously record an oscillating synthetic vocal fold (VF) model, simulating a high-speed videoendoscopy. One camera recorded at variable lateral recording angles and a reference camera in superior perspective. This was performed at different physiological recording distances and for two oscillation modes (with/without contacting VFs). The GAW was derived from the segmented glottis, and two parameters each for the categories of symmetry, periodicity, and closure were calculated, as well as two derivative measures. The percentage difference between the variable and reference camera value pairs was calculated, and the angle and height dependencies were quantified using linear regression. Results: The visual perception of a laryngoscopy was found to be influenced by the lateral recording angle, which may lead to misinterpretation of VF symmetry among inexperienced observers. The strongest influence of recording angle was observed for symmetry parameters, the strongest being the Amplitude Symmetry Index with up to 2.6%/° ( p < .05). A dependence on the recording distance was only found for the Maximum Area Declination Rate. Conclusions: The recording angle in 2D laryngoscopy should be carefully considered during visual inspection of the VF dynamics. Most of the investigated objective parameters were unaffected by the examined perspective distortion. However, especially left–right symmetry measures should only be used under controlled boundary conditions to avoid misdiagnosis and misinterpretation. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23961183

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Analysis of the tonal sound generation during phonation with and without glottis closure

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

3D-FV-FE Aeroacoustic Larynx Model for Investigation of Functional Based Voice Disorders

3D-FV-FE Aeroacoustic Larynx Model for Investigation of Functional Based Voice Disorders

Efficient numerical simulation of the human voice

Influence of Perspective Distortion in Laryngoscopy

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