Analysis of the territorial pattern of the azygos venous system and its variations in fixed cadavers

Gomes, Mariane de Oliveira; Nobeschi, Leandro; Dias, Daniel Ventura; Palma, Luiz Felipe; Silva, Fernando Seiji da; Espíndula, Ana Paula; Lombardi, Leonardo Augusto

doi:10.1016/j.tria.2020.100077

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2023

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…They are usually asymptomatic and detected in most cases during routine examinations. One of these variations is the azygos lobe, a rare anatomical variant of the upper lobe [12]. It is the most common in the right lung, but cases of the azygos lobe in the left lung are also reported [1,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The azygos lobe, an incidental finding in computer tomography

Toruńska

Klepacki

2023

Folia Morphol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The azygos lobe, an incidental finding in computer tomography

Toruńska

Klepacki

2023

Folia Morphol

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Cadaveric Dissection of Connection Between Accessory Hemiazygos Vein and Left Brachiocephalic Vein

Panesar

Singh

Adams

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose: The azygos system of veins has many anatomical variations that can impact mediastinal and vascular interventions. While radiological reports on these are of great clinical value, this study is among the first to present a high-quality cadaveric dissection of a rare anatomical variant to supplement previously published radiologic studies. The azygos venous system consists of the azygos vein (AV), hemiazygos vein (HAV), and the accessory hemiazygos vein (AHAV), which develop from the last portion of the posterior cardinal veins. The normal anatomical configuration includes drainage of the posterior intercostal veins, vertebral vein, esophageal veins, HAV, and AHAV to an unpaired right-side AV at the level of the 8th/9th thoracic vertebra. Methods: An adult formalin-fixed 70-year-old female Caucasian cadaver was dissected as part of a medical gross anatomy elective course. Results: Gross documentation of a direct connection of the HAV to the AHAV with the AHAV draining into the left brachiocephalic vein. Conclusion: The reported incidence of AHAV draining directly into the left brachiocephalic vein is 1-2%. It is important to note the variations of the azygos system to avoid confusion with a potential pathology such as mediastinal masses. Understanding of the rare variant reported here could be useful in prevention of iatrogenic bleeding from misplacement of venous catheters and help facilitate radiological diagnosis in the incidence of venous clot formation.

show abstract

Analysis of the territorial pattern of the azygos venous system and its variations in fixed cadavers

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

The azygos lobe, an incidental finding in computer tomography

The azygos lobe, an incidental finding in computer tomography

Cadaveric Dissection of Connection Between Accessory Hemiazygos Vein and Left Brachiocephalic Vein

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