Analysis of the Potential of an Increase in Yeast Output Resulting from the Application of Additional Process Wastewater in the Evaporator Station

Włodarczyk, Barbara; Włodarczyk, Paweł P.

doi:10.3390/app9112282

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…One of them is the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that convert biochemical to electrical energy [42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. MFCs can be used in biomass-based energy production, even though a plethora of technical challenges has to be solved before they will be practical for renewable energy production [49][50][51]. Nevertheless, their applications and possible deployment show that there are many less explored possibilities of using renewables in electricity generation, many of those not well-known to the general public or less explored by the researcher who might not be aware of all the possible implications for energy security and energy policy they might present [52][53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

et al. 2020

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Our paper focuses on the renewable energy and EU 2020 target for energy efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. We study the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in these two EU Member States through the prism of the Europe 2020 strategy and the 3 × 20 climate and energy package and economic growth (represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) that allows to measure the national dynamics and provide cross-country comparisons) without attributing specific attention to issues such as the electrification of transport or heating, and thence leaving them outside the scope of this paper. Both Czech Republic and Slovakia are two post-Communist countries that still face the consequences of economic transformation and struggle with the optimal management of natural resources. Both countries encountered profound system transformation after 1989 that are apparent in all three measures of sustainable development used in our study. We show that it is unlikely that the planned increase in renewable energy in the Czech Republic and Slovakia will reach its targets, but they might succeed in reducing their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Our findings show that the energy intensity of Czech and Slovak economies increased in the early 2000s and then stabilized at a level about twice of the EU average. It appears that this value is likely to remain the same in the forthcoming years. However, implementation of GHG emissions in the Czech Republic and Slovakia may be at risk in case the proper energy policy is not maintained. Moreover, our results show how the increase in the share of renewable energy and improvement in energy efficiency go hand-in-hand with mining and exploiting the energy sources that is notorious for the transition economies. We also demonstrate that a proper energy policy is required for effectively reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need for commitments made by relevant stakeholders and policymakers targeted at achieving sustainable economic growth and energy efficiency. In addition, we demonstrate that there is a need for maintaining a proper balance between economic development and environmental protection, which is a must for the EU sustainable energy development agenda and all its accompanying targets for all its Member States.

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Section: Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

et al. 2020

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“…In the yeast factory the process wastewater (PWW) is produced at the stage of molasses clarification, centrifugation, and vacuum filtering. These wastewater as fertilizer is mainly directed to agricultural fields [70,71]. Figure 1 shows the formations points of the process wastewater in the yeast production.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding a Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell by Mixed Municipal and Industrial Wastewater

Włodarczyk,

Włodarczyk

2024

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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Due to the constant growth of the world's population, the amount of generated wastewater is also constantly increasing. One of the devices that can use wastewater as a raw material for energy production is a microbial fuel cell (MFC). MFCs technology is constantly evolving. However, to increase its use, it is necessary to improve its efficiency. There are various possibilities to ensure this, such as the use of new electrode materials, new cell designs, or the use of wastewaters from different sources. In this paper the analysis of MFC operation (cell voltage, power, and current density) fed by mixed municipal and industrial wastewaters was shown. Moreover, the change in time of COD was analyzed. Due to cost reduction the membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) was chosen. It was noted that the addition of concentrated process wastewater increases the COD reduction time in the ML-MFC. An increase of generated bioelectricity during fed ML-MFC by mixed municipal and industrial (process wastewater from yeast production) wastewater was demonstrated. The highest values of average cell voltage (598 mV), maximum power (4.47 mW) and maximum current density (0.26 mA·cm-2) were obtained for a 10% share of yeast process wastewater in the mixed wastewater, which fed the ML-MFC.

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“…Wastewater is primarily treated in wastewater treatment plants, incurring significant costs for its disposal [1,2]. Consequently, there is a continuous effort to develop new methods for both improved purification and the utilization of wastewater for alternative purposes [3][4][5][6]. Nowadays, the concept of waste reuse is more and more popular [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Using Various Cathode Materials (Carbon Felt, Ni-Co, Cu-B, and Cu-Ag) on the Operation of Microbial Fuel Cell

Włodarczyk,

Włodarczyk

2024

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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Wastewater has high potential as an energy source. Therefore, it is important to recover even the smallest part of this energy, e.g., in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The obtained electricity production depends on the process rate of the electrodes. In MFC, the microorganisms are the catalyst of anode, and the cathode is usually made of carbon material. To increase the MFC efficiency it is necessary to search the new cathode materials. In this work, the electricity production from yeast wastewater in membrane-less microbial fuel cells with a carbon felt, Ni-Co, Cu-B, and Cu-Ag cathodes has been analyzed. In the first place, the measurements of the stationary potential of the electrodes (with Cu-Ag catalyst obtained by the electrochemical deposition technique) were performed. Next, the analysis of the electric energy production during the operation of the membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC). The highest parameters were obtained for the Ni-Co and Cu-Ag catalysts. The cell voltage of 607 mV for Ni-Co and 605 mV for Cu-Ag was obtained. Additionally, the power of 4.29 mW for both cathodes - Ni-Co and Cu-Ag was obtained. Moreover, Ni-Co and Cu-Ag allow the shortest time of COD reduction. Based on the test results (with selected MFC design, wastewater, temperature, etc.), it can be concluded that of all the analyzed electrodes, Cu-Ag and Ni-Co electrodes have the best parameters for use as cathodes in ML-MFC. However, based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that all the tested electrodes can be used as cathode material in MFC.

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Analysis of the Potential of an Increase in Yeast Output Resulting from the Application of Additional Process Wastewater in the Evaporator Station

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Feeding a Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell by Mixed Municipal and Industrial Wastewater

Effect of Using Various Cathode Materials (Carbon Felt, Ni-Co, Cu-B, and Cu-Ag) on the Operation of Microbial Fuel Cell

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