Analysis of the pedestrian arching at bottleneck based on a bypassing behavior model

Tang, Ming; Jia, Hongfei; Ran, Bin; Li, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.physa.2016.02.044

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Based on th tended cellular automata, Li and Han [14] proposed a pedestrian evacuation simulation m to study pedestrian's behavioral effect at bottleneck. Tang et al [15] built a bypassing beh model to analyze pedestrian arching at the bottleneck in the emergent evacuation situati and Guo [16] simulated bi-directional pedestrian flow through a bottleneck by an exte cell transmission model with regular hexagonal cell representation. Through design safety evacuation model for pedestrians within limited spaces, Li and Xu [17] analyzed b neck area density, evacuation efficiency and similar factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To sum up, the scholars have done a large amount of in-depth researches on the pedestrian behavior at bottleneck, which obtained some significant findings. Some recognized that pedestrian arching is related to pedestrian safety [2,15]; however, pedestrian arching mechanism at bottleneck in subway transit hub need be studied deeply. Besides, social force model is one of the most widely used pedestrian simulation models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

2021

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Under the massive pedestrian flow, pedestrians arching phenomenon forms easily at bottleneck in subway hubs, which might stampede and crush. To explore pedestrian arching mechanism at bottleneck in subway transit hub, this paper conducts a series of simulation experiment. Firstly, movement preference characteristic in subway transit hubs was introduced into the social force model which considers multiple force. Then, after setting basic experiment scenario, unidirectional flow at different bottlenecks were simulated. Finally, the mechanism of pedestrian arching phenomenon at bottleneck was quantitative analyzed with the help of experimental data. Some main conclusions are summarized. Pedestrian arching phenomenon could be divided into four stages: Free, arching formation, arching stabilization and arching dissipation. In addition, the relationship between bottleneck scenario and passing time could be built to a function model. With the different of bottleneck width ratio, passing time presents positive correlation. The research results could give some helps for understanding the dynamic evolution process of unidirectional flow at bottleneck, improving the pedestrian efficiency at bottleneck and optimizing pedestrian facilities in subway transit hub.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

2021

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“…However, these models are not necessarily able to reproduce the real evading behaviour of single pedestrian before an obstacle. To be specific, although some simulation models could emulate individual pedestrians evading obstacles [8,9] and even reproduce varied evading behaviours controlled with parameters [10], experimental evidence to validate the simulations remains insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the evading behaviour of single pedestrians encountering an obstacle

et al. 2020

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Present simulation and experimental research still have deficiency in depicting the evading behaviour of single pedestrians confronting with an obstacle, which is the basis for the study of crowd dynamics affected by obstacles in real life. Therefore, this study will conduct experiments with a bar-shaped obstacle in the middle of a corridor and explore the corresponding general and particular features of single pedestrians. Particularly, the variation of pedestrian velocity and trajectory under different-sized obstacles will be illustrated. By taking the average velocity and trajectories of the 32 participants, it could be concluded that pedestrians would walk at a velocity of about 1.5 m/s without being affected by the size of obstacle. Besides, pedestrians tend to pass a location about 0.4 meters away from the obstacle edge that is perpendicular to walking direction. Furthermore, pedestrians tend to begin and finish evading the obstacle at locations respectively about 4.40 meters and 4.85 meters away from the obstacle. We also found a heterogeneity in the evading behaviour and pedestrians could be classified into four types accordingly. Results of this study are expected to provide reliable evidence for agent-based modelling in the future.

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“…Guo 26 modified the SFM by introducing the sliding action force, which provided a component force to accelerate in the direction perpendicular to the normalized vector pointing from one pedestrian to another, thus enabling pedestrians to evade counter pedestrians. Tang et al 32 constructed the continuous bypassing behavior model based on the velocity-time domain, which changed the movement direction of a pedestrian to avoid his most urgent collision with others. Nevertheless, their performances in obstacle avoidance have not been analyzed specifically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widely applicable microscopic simulation models include the cellular automata (CA) model, 1–11 the social force model (SFM), 12–29 the centrifugal force model, 30 and compositional models 31 in the state-of-the-art research. The study objects generally include passing flows in passageways, 13,17,18,22,25 evacuation flows from an empty room, 12,15,16,23,32 and pedestrian flows in visual-affected, 1,2 multi-exit, 3,6 and spatial obstructed situations. 7–11,23,24, 27,28,33…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway

et al. 2017

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The pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway is simulated based on a modified social force model in order to explore the influence of this behavior on evacuation efficiency, bottleneck passing capacity, and the macroscopic phenomenon. A pair of conjugated self-driven forces is introduced to enable a pedestrian to avoid a direct collision and keep a normal velocity magnitude while confronting an obstacle. The pedestrian avoiding time is used to define the triggering conditions of evading and surpassing behavior, and has been estimated through practical experiments. Simulation results show that in a passageway without spatial obstacles, the evading and surpassing behavior will increase the evacuation time under the condition that the pedestrian number is larger than a critical value. Moreover, when a spatial obstacle exists, both the rise of pedestrian numbers and the decline of bottleneck width would increase the evacuation time. Meanwhile, it is observed that compared with a bar-shaped obstacle, a circle-shaped obstacle corresponds to a larger bottleneck passing capacity and less evacuation time when the size of the spatial obstacle is above a critical value. In addition, a phenomenon of a triangle ''evading region'' caused by the evading and surpassing behavior also can be observed before the spatial obstacle through simulation and experiments. Furthermore, it can be concluded that a circle-shaped obstacle corresponds to a stronger guiding function and a larger area of ''evading region'' compared with a bar-shaped one, and induces a relatively higher bottleneck passing capacity in a walking passageway.

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Analysis of the pedestrian arching at bottleneck based on a bypassing behavior model

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

Experimental study on the evading behaviour of single pedestrians encountering an obstacle

Simulation of pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway

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