Analysis of the Nicolson-Ross-Weir Method for Characterizing the Electromagnetic Properties of Engineered Materials

Rothwell, Edward J.; Frasch, Jonathan L.; Ellison, Sean M.; Chahal, Premjeet; Ouedraogo, Raoul O.

doi:10.2528/pier16071706

Cited by 144 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, Nicolson‐Ross‐Weir method was adopted for the characterization of MTM, which is more reliable and accurate. The simplified equation according to the Nicolson‐Ross‐Weir method is as follows,

V_{1} = S_{21} + S_{11}

V_{2} = S_{21} - S_{11}

ε_{r} \approx \frac{2}{{jk}_{0} d} \times ({}, \frac{((), 1 - V_{1})}{((), 1 + V_{1})})

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam steering of eye shape metamaterial design on dispersive media by FDTD method

Hasan

Faruque

Islam

2018

Int J Numerical Modelling

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The finite difference time domain method is applied for numerical modelling of composite dispersive material‐based proposed metamaterial, where the electromagnetic waves are propagating along the y‐axis with some exceptional properties in this paper. The existing frequency dispersive finite difference time domain method can be categorised into auxiliary differential equation method and the Z‐transform method, both of them are analysed in this paper. The auxiliary differential equation method has been introduced additional differential equations for describing frequency‐dependent material characteristics, and Z‐transform converts the frequency domain constitutive relations to Z‐domain relation. The proposed left‐handed metamaterial, single unit cell shows resonance at 5.48 GHz and the beam refraction characteristics by the incident beams on the structure. The incident beams are refracted 90°, 45° (positive refraction), and −25° (negative refraction) with respect to the metamaterial structure.

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V_{1} = S_{21} + S_{11}

V_{2} = S_{21} - S_{11}

ε_{r} \approx \frac{2}{{jk}_{0} d} \times ({}, \frac{((), 1 - V_{1})}{((), 1 + V_{1})})

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam steering of eye shape metamaterial design on dispersive media by FDTD method

Hasan

Faruque

Islam

2018

Int J Numerical Modelling

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“…Therefore, the designed structure consisting of a 2 × 3 matrix of CSR is studied. To investigate the characteristic properties such as the effective permittivity and effective permeability of this matrix, the Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) method is used [11]. The effective permittivity and permeability can be written as follows:…”

Section: Antenna Design and Decoupling Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same 2 × 3 CSR matrix has been placed and examined between the two antennas, in both cases when the two antennas are in a parallel or orthogonal configuration. The CSR's effective permittivity and permeability are also provided and obtained by the use of Nicholson-RossWeir (NRW) method [11]. It is showing that the proposed structure possesses a wideband metamaterial behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mutual Coupling Reduction of E-Shaped MIMO Antenna with Matrix of C-Shaped Resonators

Alsultan

Yetkin

2018

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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E-shaped multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) microstrip antenna systems operating in WLAN and WiMAX bands (between 5 and 7.5 GHz) are proposed with enhanced isolation features. The systems are comprised of two antennas that are placed parallel and orthogonal to each other, respectively. According to the simulation results, the operating frequency of the MIMO antenna system is 6.3 GHz, and mutual coupling is below −18 dB in a parallel arrangement, whereas they are 6.4 GHz and −25 dB, respectively, in the orthogonal arrangement. The 2 × 3 matrix of C-shaped resonator (CSR) is proposed and placed between the antenna elements over the substrate, to reduce the mutual coupling and enhance the isolation between the antennas. More than 30 dB isolation between the array elements is achieved at the resonant frequency for both of the configurations. The essential parameters of the MIMO array such as mutual coupling, surface current distribution, envelop correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), and the total efficiency have been simulated to verify the reliability and the validity of the MIMO system in both parallel and orthogonal configurations. The experimental results are also provided and compared for the mutual coupling with simulated results. An adequate match between the measured and simulated results is achieved.

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“…The dimensions of the antenna designed for 5 GHz is 16×18.5 mm 2 and the dimensions of the antenna for 2.5 GHz would be 29×36 mm 2 , hence providing miniaturization. Nicolson Ross Weir had demonstrated the extraction of relative permittivity and permeability using S parameters [21][22][23] and is given by,…”

Section: Design Of the Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

CSRR Loaded 2x1 Triangular MIMO Antenna for LTE Band Operation

Malathi¹,

Thiripurasundari²

2017

AEM

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A Compact 2×1 multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system is designed to operate in the LTE band 7 (2.5 -2.57) GHz. The proposed antenna consists of two triangular patches fed using microstrip line. In this work, complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is loaded in the ground plane. The unloaded triangular patch antenna resonates at 5 GHz; whereas after loading it with CSRR, the same antenna resonates at 2.5 GHz. Size reductions of 72% compared to conventional patch antenna is obtained after the inclusion of CSRR in the ground plane. The designed antenna covers a bandwidth of (2.42 to 2.57) GHz with a maximum return loss of -26.5 dB at 2.5 GHz and isolation of -17.3 dB between the ports with close inter element spacing of 0.17λ. The simulated correlation co-efficient is 0.0212 and the total active reflection co-efficient is 0.56 at the resonating frequency.

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Analysis of the Nicolson-Ross-Weir Method for Characterizing the Electromagnetic Properties of Engineered Materials

Cited by 144 publications

References 20 publications

Beam steering of eye shape metamaterial design on dispersive media by FDTD method

Beam steering of eye shape metamaterial design on dispersive media by FDTD method

Mutual Coupling Reduction of E-Shaped MIMO Antenna with Matrix of C-Shaped Resonators

CSRR Loaded 2x1 Triangular MIMO Antenna for LTE Band Operation

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