Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emission Inventory (CAPSS 2015) and the Major Cause of Change in Republic of Korea

Yeo, Soyoung; Lee, Hyang-kyeong; Choi, Seongwoo; Seol, Sunghee; Jin, Hyungah; Yoo, Chul Gyu; Lim, Jae-Hyun; Kim, Jeong-soo

doi:10.5572/ajae.2019.13.3.212

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The recently updated Korean emission inventory Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS; Lee et al, 2011;Yeo et al, 2019) based on the year 2015 also showed a high BC/CO ratio of 25.1 ng m −3 ppb −1 (Table 3), with much lower hypothetical CO emission factors for gasoline vehicles (1.1 CO g km −1 ) and motorcycles (1.7 CO g km −1 ) with similar mean mileage values (30.4 km d −1 ; TS, 2016), suggesting that BC and CO emissions still need to be improved. This high BC/CO ratio (35.6 ng m −3 ppb −1 ) was also found in the MIX emission inventory, whereas the BC/CO ratio from the EDGAR inventory in 2010 was much closer to the measured ratio of 7.68 ng m −3 ppb −1 .…”

Section: Comparison Between the Reas Version 21 And Measured Bc/ Co mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variability in black carbon and carbon monoxide ratio from long-term observations over East Asia: assessment of representativeness for black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission inventories

et al. 2020

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Abstract. The black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission ratios were estimated and compiled from long-term, harmonized observations of the ΔBC∕ΔCO ratios under conditions unaffected by wet deposition at four sites in East Asia, including two sites in South Korea (Baengnyeong and Gosan) and two sites in Japan (Noto and Fukuoka). Extended spatio-temporal coverage enabled estimation of the full seasonality and elucidation of the emission ratio in North Korea for the first time. The estimated ratios were used to validate the Regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 2.1 based on six study domains (“East China”, “North China”, “Northeast China”, South Korea, North Korea, and Japan). We found that the ΔBC∕ΔCO ratios from four sites converged into a narrow range (6.2–7.9 ng m−3 ppb−1), suggesting consistency in the results from independent observations and similarity in source profiles over the regions. The BC∕CO ratios from the REAS emission inventory (7.7 ng m−3 ppb−1 for East China – 23.2 ng m−3 ppb−1 for South Korea) were overestimated by factors of 1.1 for East China to 3.0 for South Korea, whereas the ratio for North Korea (3.7 ng m−3 ppb−1 from REAS) was underestimated by a factor of 2.0, most likely due to inaccurate emissions from the road transportation sector. Seasonal variation in the BC∕CO ratio from REAS was found to be the highest in winter (China and North Korea) or summer (South Korea and Japan), whereas the measured ΔBC∕ΔCO ratio was the highest in spring in all source regions, indicating the need for further characterization of the seasonality when creating a bottom-up emission inventory. At levels of administrative districts, overestimation in Seoul, the southwestern regions of South Korea, and Northeast China was noticeable, and underestimation was mainly observed in the western regions in North Korea, including Pyongyang. These diagnoses are useful for identifying regions where revisions in the inventory are necessary, providing guidance for the refinement of BC and CO emission rate estimates over East Asia.

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Section: Comparison Between the Reas Version 21 And Measured Bc/ Co mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variability in black carbon and carbon monoxide ratio from long-term observations over East Asia: assessment of representativeness for black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission inventories

et al. 2020

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“…It should be noted that the hot spots in spring and winter were found at the National Industrial Complex in Yeosu (127.67 • E, 34.76 • N) and Gwangyang (127.77 • E, 34.92 • N), which are located approximately 80 km southwest of Gwangju and emitted a large amount of NOx based on the REAS emission inventory (red circle in Figure 5j). The NOx emission rates from Yeosu and Gwangyang from the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS; [59,60]) were 69 Gg yr −1 (31 and 38 Gg yr −1 , respectively), which is similar to that from Seoul (77 Gg yr −1 ) but much higher than that from Gwangju (10 Gg yr −1 ) (https://airemiss.nier.go.kr/ (accessed on 31 August 2020)). Therefore, the NO 2 emitted from the industrial complex had a continuous and significant effect on the air quality in Gwangju, but the magnitude could differ according to the NO 2 lifetime (high in winter and low in summer).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Variation in the Tropospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Vertical Column Density over Korea and Japan from the MAX-DOAS Network, 2007–2017

et al. 2021

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We investigated long-term observations of the tropospheric nitrogen dioxide vertical column density (NO2 TropVCD) from the Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) network in Russia and ASia (MADRAS) from 2007 to 2017 at urban (Yokosuka and Gwangju) and remote (Fukue and Cape Hedo) sites in East Asia. The monthly mean in the NO2 TropVCD from MAX-DOAS measured at ~13:30 local time, which is the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) overpass time, shows good agreement with OMI data during summer, but differences between the two datasets increase in winter. The Theil-Sen slope of the long-term trend indicate a relatively rapid and gradual reduction in NO2 at Yokosuka and two remote sites (Fukue and Cape Hedo), respectively, regardless of the season except for fall at Fukue, but significant changes in NO2 are not observed at Gwangju, Korea. In contrast, OMI satellite data reveal an increase in the NO2 TropVCD at all sites except for Yokosuka, where a decreasing trend common to MAX-DOAS is found, suggesting that the results from satellites need to be cautiously used for investigating long-term trends in less polluted or remote areas. Using backward trajectories, potential source regions are identified for the two urban sites. The spatial distribution from OMI data shows good agreement with the potential source regions at Yokosuka. The potential source regions in Gwangju are identified as the National Industrial Complex in Yeosu and Gwangyang, while the transport route is not clearly visible with OMI data because of their low sensitivity in less polluted areas. The proposed approach is suitable for identifying potential source areas that might not be recognized by satellite observations.

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“…The clean air policy support system (CAPSS) emission inventory [28] was used to generate the gridded anthropogenic emission of South Korea. The Korea-United States air quality study (KORUS-AQ) anthropogenic emission inventory [29] was used for the rest of the region.…”

Section: Gmaf Configuration and Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Global to Mesoscale Air Quality Forecast and Analysis System (GMAF) and Its Application to PM2.5 Forecast in Korea

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the development of the global to mesoscale air quality forecast and analysis system (GMAF) and its application to particulate matter under 2.5 μm (PM2.5) forecast in Korea. The GMAF combined a mesoscale model with a global data assimilation system by the grid nudging based four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA). The grid nudging based FDDA developed for weather forecast and analysis was extended to air quality forecast and analysis for the first time as an alternative to data assimilation of surface monitoring data. The below cloud scavenging module and the secondary organic formation module of the community multiscale air quality model (CMAQ) were modified and subsequently verified by comparing with the PM speciation observation from the PM supersite. The observation data collected from the criteria air pollutant monitoring networks in Korea were used to evaluate forecast performance of GMAF for the year of 2016. The GMAF showed good performance in forecasting the daily mean PM2.5 concentrations at Seoul; the correlation coefficient between the observed and forecasted PM2.5 concentrations was 0.78; the normalized mean error was 25%; the probability of detection for the events exceeding the national PM2.5 standard was 0.81 whereas the false alarm rate was only 0.38. Both the hybrid bias correction technique and the Kalman filter bias adjustment technique were implemented into the GMAF as postprocessors. For the continuous and the categorical performance metrics examined, the Kalman filter bias adjustment technique performed better than the hybrid bias correction technique.

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Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emission Inventory (CAPSS 2015) and the Major Cause of Change in Republic of Korea

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Regional variability in black carbon and carbon monoxide ratio from long-term observations over East Asia: assessment of representativeness for black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission inventories

Regional variability in black carbon and carbon monoxide ratio from long-term observations over East Asia: assessment of representativeness for black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission inventories

Long-Term Variation in the Tropospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Vertical Column Density over Korea and Japan from the MAX-DOAS Network, 2007–2017

Development of the Global to Mesoscale Air Quality Forecast and Analysis System (GMAF) and Its Application to PM2.5 Forecast in Korea

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