Analysis of the Methodology to Obtain Several Key Indicators Performance (KIP), by Energy Retrofitting of the Actual Building to the District Heating Fuelled by Biomass, Focusing on nZEB Goal: Case of Study

Abstract

In order to achieve the objectives of the European 20/20/20 strategy, and to obtain a greater energy efficiency, integration of renewable energies and the reduction of carbon emissions, a District Heating (DH) system has been designed by the University of Valladolid (UVa), Spain, one of the most important DH fed by biomass fuel in Spain, supplying heating and domestic hot water (DHW) to 31 buildings in Valladolid, the majority of them, educational buildings on the University Campus. The aims of this paper were to study the change from an energy system fueled by natural gas to District Heating by biomass in a building on the campus of the University of Valladolid—the School of Engineering (EII)—studying its consumption from its connection to the District Heating system. An energy management methodology such as ISO 50001 is carried out, applied to efficiency systems in buildings, thus establishing new criteria of sustainability and economic value. In this paper, energy management will also be analyzed in accordance with the proposed tools of an Energy Management System (EMS) applied to the EII building, through the measurement of energy parameters, calculation of thermal consumption, thermal energy savings as a result of the change from system to District Heating by biomass, economic savings, reduction of environmental impact and indicators of thermal efficiency I100 and CUSUM indicator. Finally, the primary renewable and non-renewable energy efficiency indicators for the new District Heating system will be determined. The concept of the near Zero Energy Buildings is defined in the European Union (EU) in order to analyze an approach to an nZEB which results from replacing the natural gas heating system by a biomass District Heating system.

The Development Strategies and Technology Roadmap of Bioenergy for a Typical Region: A Case Study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in China

“…The relationship between specific energy carriers and different forms of energy demand are shown in the Figure 2. The different forms of energy demand include fuel [65], heat [66], electricity [67], and refrigeration [68], depending on the application scenario. Different forms of energy terminal utilization have different forms of energy demand-for example, energy requirements for building energy come in the form of heating, electricity generation, and cooling [69][70][71].…”

“…There are also significant differences in the nature and rate of decomposition of crops residues. Rather than being directly measured, crops residues yield are estimated based on area and yield data for different crops and from research information on the straw/grain ratio [31,[64][65][66]. Crops straw residues equation as follows:…”

ISO 50001: 2018 and Its Application in a Comprehensive Management System with an Energy-Performance Focus

“…On the other hand, specific management and technology developments have improved the definition, implementation, and management of indicators associated with benchmarks and energy performance. These developments include (but are not limited to) reduction of thermal energy, higher efficiency of heating and insulation, higher percentage of thermal saving, economic saving, reduction of carbon emissions, and increase of renewable energies [23][24][25].…”

Estimation of Solar Hot Water System Operation for a Residential Building

“…Boiler houses and CHPs can use as fuel both traditional and alternative energy sources. To reduce the negative impact on the environment in the production of thermal energy in boilers and CHPs, it is advisable to use renewable energy sources, including residues of forestry and woodworking industry, agricultural waste, household waste [3,4]. In Ukraine, due to the significant cost of thermal energy and the lack of possibility to regulate the quantity of coolant by consumers, the population is massively abandoning district heating.…”