Analysis of the maximization of wind turbine energy yield using a continuously variable transmission system

Abstract

In this paper, an analytic study of the subject of mechanical power transmission in HAWT wind turbine has been carried out. For the most part, the study analyzes the use of continuously variable transmission (CVT) in order to allow the turbine and the electric generator to couple, allowing in turn, an unremitting transmission ratio adjustment. In low-wind sites, the design criteria suggest an oversizing of the wind turbine in order to generate adequate electrical power even at low wind speed. The proposed solution enhances the space of operating points since it allows the electric generator to release the rotational speed from the turbine one (limited due to structural integrity). Employing a CVT transmission, the modulation system of the input power to the turbine starts operating at higher wind speeds when compared to a conventional direct-drive case: this corresponds with the possibility to fully exploit the wind power at a higher speed range, therefore maximizing the wind turbine’s energy production. The analysis has showed that, in the case of CVT configuration, the annual energy yield increases of about 50% compared to direct-drive solution

Rotor Speed Control of a Direct-Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Turbine Using Phase-Lag Compensators to Optimize Wind Power Extraction

“…The phase-lag compensator is applied to the gain-compensated system, and hence multiplying (15) by (17) gives (18) which represents the transfer function of the phase-lag compensated system for the inner current control loop: (18) Figure 9 shows the magnitude and phase curves of the phase-lag compensated open-loop transfer function of the inner current control loop.…”

“…Moreover, direct-driven multipole PMSGs have been adopted to exclude the gearbox, which improves the efficiency of the WT and cuts down the weight of the nacelle Figure 1: The direct-driven PMSG-based WECS [1]. and the operation and maintenance cost of the WT system [3,13,15]. The major challenge associated with WECS in general is the intermittent nature of the wind resource leading to an inconsistent wind power output.…”

“…Over the past years, various MPPT techniques have been developed, namely, optimal relationship-based (ORB) control, tip speed ratio (TSR) control, optimal torque control (OTC), and Perturb and Observe (P&O)/Hill-Climb Search (HCS) control. Their operation, strengths, and weaknesses have been discussed in [3,15,[21][22][23]. In this paper, the MPPT operation is achieved through the use of optimal relationship-based (ORB) control.…”

Facile synthesis and excellent electrochemical performance of CoP nanowire on carbon cloth as bifunctional electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction and supercapacitor

“…In order to solve the issues of fossil fuel depletion and increasing environmental problems, a rich, environmentally friendly, sustainable and high calorific value energy source is urgently required [3,4]. Clean energy sources have attracted extensive attention from many researchers in the past few years, such as nuclear power [5,6], solar energy [7], wind energy [8], tidal power [9] and hydrogen [10,11]. Hydrogen, as a clean and sustainable energy carrier, is considered one of the most ideal candidates to replace fossil fuels in the future [3,12].…”

A Market-Based Analysis on the Main Characteristics of Gearboxes Used in Onshore Wind Turbines

“…A CVT allows for continuously varying the global transmission ratio by adapting in real-time operation the input speed (at the blades) into the instantaneous speed requirements at the output (i.e., the input of the electric generator) [21]. In this sense, recent research has analysed the use and performance of CVTs in drive trains of wind turbines, as it is the case of Giallanza et al [22] proposing a solution in low-wind sites, or Wu et al [23] providing speed control for the permanent magnet synchronous generator as the speed regulator in the CVT at wind turbines. The explorations of new alternatives of drive trains making use of the novel concepts of CVTs, such as inertia regulating systems [24,25], are also being explored.…”