Analysis of the magnetic force effect on paramagnetic species

Rabah, K.L.; Chopart, Jean‐Paul; Schloerb, H.; Saulnier, S.; Aaboubi, O.; Uhlemann, Margitta; Elmi, D.; Amblard, J.

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.04.014

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…31 An additional effect of magnetic field on the electrochemical reduction of O 2 was discussed in the literature, and it originates from the paramagnetic properties of O 2 molecules. 30,32 Also, the O 2 solubility in water is increased in the presence of magnetic field, and this might further contribute to the enhancement of the bioelectrocatalytic process. 33 The complexity of the system does not allow us, however, to analyze quantitatively the magnetic field effect on the electrochemical process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Field Effects on Bioelectrocatalytic Reactions of Surface-Confined Enzyme Systems: Enhanced Performance of Biofuel Cells

2005

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The effect of a constant magnetic field on bioelectrocatalytic transformations of three different enzyme assemblies linked to electrodes is examined and correlated with a theoretical magnetohydrodynamic model. The systems consist of surface-reconstituted glucose oxidase (GOx), an integrated lactate dehydrogenase/nicotinamide/pyrroloquinoline quinone assembly (LDH/NAD+ -PQQ), and a cytochrome c/cytochrome oxidase system (Cyt c/COx) linked to the electrodes. Pronounced effects of a constant magnetic field applied parallel to the electrode surface are observed for the bioelectrocatalyzed oxidation of glucose and lactate by the GOx-electrode and LDH/NAD+ -PQQ-electrode, respectively. The enhancement of the bioelectrocatalytic processes correlates nicely with the magnetohydrodynamic model, and the limiting current densities (iL) relate to B1/3 (B = magnetic flux density) and to C4/3 (C* = bulk concentration of the substrate). A small magnetic field effect is observed for the Cyt c/COx-electrode, and its origin is still questionable. The effect of the constant magnetic field on the performance of biofuel cells with different configurations is examined. For the biofuel cell consisting of LDH/NAD+ -PQQ anode and Cyt c/COx cathode, a 3-fold increase in the power output was observed at an applied magnetic field of B = 0.92 T and external load of 1.2 kOhms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Field Effects on Bioelectrocatalytic Reactions of Surface-Confined Enzyme Systems: Enhanced Performance of Biofuel Cells

2005

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“…But as shown here, being a body force F ∇ C affects modes of mass transfer different from diffusion. Lately, F ∇ C has been evoked in phenomena where, if of any consequence, it may be convoluted either with kinetics and MHD transport as in microelectrodes facing the magnetic field or with natural convection both with and without complications associated with F ∇ B …”

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confidence: 99%

Demonstration of the Elusive Concentration-Gradient Paramagnetic Force

Leventis

Dass

2005

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Using classical electrochemistry, it is demonstrated that the concentration-gradient paramagnetic force, FnablaC, is a body force proportional to |B|2 acting parallel to the concentration gradient of electrogenerated radicals. FnablaC can balance gravity, holding volumes of solution wherein mass transfer continues to take place by diffusion. In contrast to usual levitation forces, FnablaC does not depend on field gradients and may be present even in homogeneous magnetic fields. Understanding the properties of FnablaC is relevant to magnetic confinement and levitation and is speculated even to propulsion with objects having permanent susceptibility gradients.

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“…16 The additional convection induced by the MHD effect significantly increases the mass transfer and ion distribution, thus decreasing the concentration and ohmic polarisation effects. 17 In terms of an earlier study, Fahidy 18 found that magnetoelectrodeposition had a great impact on the morphologies of deposits. Li et al 19 applied a parallel magnetic field of up to 12 T during the electrodeposition of Co-Ni, and the results showed that the surface roughness and grain size initially increased with increasing magnetic flux density but subsequently decreased, while the morphology changed from short clavate grain-shaped structures to silk-like nanowires under the influence of the magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%