Analysis of the limitations in the oxygen reduction activity of transition metal oxide surfaces

Li, Hao; Kelly, Sara R.; Guevarra, Dan; Wang, Zhenbin; Wang, Yu; Haber, Joel A.; Anand, Megha; Gunasooriya, G. T. Kasun Kalhara; Abraham, Christina Susan; Vijay, Sudarshan; Gregoire, John M.; Nørskov, Jens K.

doi:10.1038/s41929-021-00618-w

Cited by 203 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The model only analyzes and discusses the dual winding motor and energy source system, without considering the whole vehicle power transmission system, ignoring the energy loss and transmission efficiency in the process of mechanical transmission. In addition, Li et al [27] pointed that the oxygen reduction (ORR) is the key bottleneck in the performance of fuel cells, and identified two reasons why it is difficult to find transition metal oxides (TMOs) with a high ORR activity, which is also of great significance to realize the operation stability of fuel cells. With such knowledge, an improved dual winding motor drive technology could be possible, which could ensure the durability and cost necessary for achieving commercial success.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Cheng

Chang

et al. 2021

Energies

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In recent years, a dual winding motor drive has been proposed in the field of fuel cell vehicles due to its advantages of good performance and high robustness. This new topology and its basic control method have been widely investigated. However, the previous research has not considered the current dynamic property of a fuel cell when studying the power sharing control method, but this is an important research objective for fuel cell durability. Considering the current change principle of a fuel cell, an optimal steady-state control method based on a new dual winding motor architecture boost charging is proposed to optimize the fuel cell life. In addition, in view of the current circulation problem of the fuel cell side winding in the boost mode, a Bang-Bang-PI control algorithm with a relatively constant reference value is proposed to realize the current sharing control. On this basis, the optimized control of the output current ripple of the fuel cell is realized to ensure the steady-state of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Finally, the results show that this method can control the stability of the fuel cell efficiently.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Cheng

Chang

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…These results indicate that the formation of oxygen vacancy during synthesis leads to a significant change in the electronic properties of NiO, creating active sites for the reaction. Due to the weak-binding nature of metal-atop site over metal oxide surfaces (with details shown by a recent study [53] ), oxygen vacancy (e. g., the four-fold Ni-site analyzed in Figure 7) is expected to be the active site because it leads to a stronger bonding to the adsorbate which helps activate the NÀ N bond during the reaction. [54]…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Direct In Situ Vertical Growth of Interlaced Mesoporous NiO Nanosheets on Carbon Felt for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis

Xiong

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2022

Chemistry A European J

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Metal oxide nanomaterials directly grown on conductive substrates are optimal electrode materials because their structures allow for rapid ion and electron transport and thereby reduce internal resistance in the electrode. The development of such binder‐free, self‐supporting electrodes is of great significance for applications in electrocatalysis. In this work, a simple hydrothermal in situ self‐assembly reaction and annealing process was developed to prepare three kinds of nickel oxide @ carbon felt (NiO@CF) nanocomposites with different morphologies. The influence of different precipitators (strong or weak bases) on the morphology of the resulting nano‐sized nickel oxide nanocomposites was investigated. The microstructures of the NiO@CF samples were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). When ammonia was used as the precipitator, NiO grew vertically on the surface of the carbon felt and formed a mesoporous nanosheet‐like structure (NiO NSs@CF). As an electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e‐NRR) electrode, the NiO NSs@CF sample showed an excellent NH3 yield (71.3 μg h−1 mg−1cat.) and Faradaic efficiency (17.9 % at −0.5 V vs. RHE) in 0.1 M Na2SO4. The good performance was attributed to the vertical interleaved mesoporous sheet‐like structure (with the pore size of 15 nm and the thickness of ∼30 nm) and the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies. First‐principles calculations with strong on‐site Coulomb interactions demonstrated that the presence of oxygen vacancy on NiO sample leads to a significantly stronger N binding over the surface, benefiting for the nitrogen gas adsorption and reduction. The e‐NRR performance of this binder‐free, flexible electrode material is superior to that of other reported nickel‐based nanomaterials. This study highlights the potential of such binder‐free carbon felt electrodes for use in e‐NRR that could meet the needs of industrial production.

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“…In theory, electroactivity depends on the reaction mechanism. 27 The Tafel slopes and electron transfer numbers (n) are calculated to explain the possible synergistic effect of K + cations and defects on the reaction mechanism. According to Fig.…”

Section: Electrocatalytic Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The synergistically enhanced activity and stability of layered manganese oxide via the engineering of defects and K⁺ ions for oxygen electrocatalysis

et al. 2022

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Analysis of the limitations in the oxygen reduction activity of transition metal oxide surfaces

Cited by 203 publications

References 65 publications

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Direct In Situ Vertical Growth of Interlaced Mesoporous NiO Nanosheets on Carbon Felt for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis

The synergistically enhanced activity and stability of layered manganese oxide via the engineering of defects and K⁺ ions for oxygen electrocatalysis

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Analysis of the limitations in the oxygen reduction activity of transition metal oxide surfaces

Cited by 203 publications

References 65 publications

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Steady-State Control of Fuel Cell Based on Boost Mode of a Dual Winding Motor

Direct In Situ Vertical Growth of Interlaced Mesoporous NiO Nanosheets on Carbon Felt for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis

The synergistically enhanced activity and stability of layered manganese oxide via the engineering of defects and K+ ions for oxygen electrocatalysis

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The synergistically enhanced activity and stability of layered manganese oxide via the engineering of defects and K⁺ ions for oxygen electrocatalysis