Analysis of the LED Lamp Arrangement for Uniformity of Illumination in Indoor VLC System

Hao, Honggang; Zhang, Dandan; Tang, Shuai

doi:10.3807/josk.2014.18.6.663

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Under NLOS channel, first-order reflections are considered due to the increase in complexity and computation time with further increase in the order of reflections. [24][25][26] The mathematical expression for the total power received at any location of the room is given by Equation (4) 23…”

Section: Channel Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) channel conditions are considered to evaluate the system performance. Under NLOS channel, first‐order reflections are considered due to the increase in complexity and computation time with further increase in the order of reflections 24–26 . The mathematical expression for the total power received at any location of the room is given by Equation () 23

P_{r} goodbreak= \sum^{LEDs} ({}, P_{t} . H_{d} ((), 0) goodbreak+ \sum^{reflections} P_{t} . d H_{ref} ((), 0))

where

P_{t}

and

P_{r}

denote the transmitted and received power in Watts and

H_{d} ((), 0)

and

d H_{ref} ((), 0)

denote direct channel (DC) gain for LOS and reflected paths, respectively.…”

Section: Preliminarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance estimation of image transmission in indoor visible light communication system based on variable pulse position modulation

Priyanka

Singh

et al. 2022

Int J Communication

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Summary The dimming control feature of light‐emitting diode (LED) makes it a viable candidate for indoor lighting applications. In this study, the performance of variable pulse position modulation (VPPM) based visible light communication (VLC) system is investigated in detail for an office room of 5 × 5 × 3‐m3 dimensions. A total of four LED lamps having Lambertian radiation patterns are mounted over the ceiling of the room. Several receiver locations are chosen over the three different trajectories to evaluate the error performance of the proposed system. The height of the receiver plane is also varied to find the optimum height where error‐free data reception is achieved. Moreover, an effort is made to optimize the dimming percentage of the transmitted signal using VPPM in terms of bit error rate (BER), where the illumination requirements over the receiver plane are also as per the International Standards of Organization (ISO). The results show that the duty cycle of 50% is optimum for efficient system performance. Furthermore, a colored image is transmitted through the proposed system and the computed results reveal that satisfactory BER performance and good quality of the image is received at receiver heights ranging from 0.85 to 1.7 m, that is, approximately 2.75 to 5.6 ft above the ground plane.

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Section: Channel Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

P_{r} goodbreak= \sum^{LEDs} ({}, P_{t} . H_{d} ((), 0) goodbreak+ \sum^{reflections} P_{t} . d H_{ref} ((), 0))

where

P_{t}

and

P_{r}

denote the transmitted and received power in Watts and

H_{d} ((), 0)

and

d H_{ref} ((), 0)

denote direct channel (DC) gain for LOS and reflected paths, respectively.…”

Section: Preliminarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance estimation of image transmission in indoor visible light communication system based on variable pulse position modulation

Priyanka

Singh

et al. 2022

Int J Communication

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“…The transmitter locations can either be evaluated by using illuminance or

[ 18 ]. There are a few studies available in the literature which have examined the effects of lamp locations and its number on the uniformity of illuminance, for instance, in [ 19 ], an optimized layout was obtained to maximize the average area spectral efficiency for more than one light fixtures using the Genetic algorithm.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

is the ratio of minimum (

) to the averaged illuminance value

over N points, as given by:

where

is the illuminance value at the

point on the receiving plane. Here, the values of

approaching 1 represent uniform illumination where, in general, the desired value is ≥ 0.7 [ 18 ]. Besides, in order to analyze the spread of illuminance, the interquartile range (IQR) of simulated data has also been considered.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Heuristic Approach for Optical Transceiver Placement to Optimize SNR and Illuminance Uniformities of an Optical Body Area Network

Masroor

Jeoti

Drieberg

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The bi-directional information transfer in optical body area networks (OBANs) is crucial at all the three tiers of communication, i.e., intra-, inter-, and beyond-BAN communication, which correspond to tier-I, tier-II, and tier-III, respectively. However, the provision of uninterrupted uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) connections at tier II (inter-BAN) are extremely critical, since these links serve as a bridge between tier-I (intra-BAN) and tier-III (beyond-BAN) communication. Any negligence at this level could be life-threatening; therefore, enabling quality-of-service (QoS) remains a fundamental design issue at tier-II. Consequently, to provide QoS, a key parameter is to ensure link reliability and communication quality by maintaining a nearly uniform signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) within the coverage area. Several studies have reported the effects of transceiver related parameters on OBAN link performance, nevertheless the implications of changing transmitter locations on the SNR uniformity and communication quality have not been addressed. In this work, we undertake a DL scenario and analyze how the placement of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps can improve the SNR uniformity, regardless of the receiver position. Subsequently, we show that using the principle of reciprocity (POR) and with transmitter-receiver positions switched, the analysis is also applicable to UL, provided that the optical channel remains linear. Moreover, we propose a generalized optimal placement scheme along with a heuristic design formula to achieve uniform SNR and illuminance for DL using a fixed number of transmitters and compare it with an existing technique. The study reveals that the proposed placement technique reduces the fluctuations in SNR by 54% and improves the illuminance uniformity up to 102% as compared to the traditional approach. Finally, we show that, for very low luminous intensity, the SNR values remain sufficient to maintain a minimum bit error rate (BER) of 10−9 with on-off keying non-return-to-zero (OOK-NRZ) modulation format.

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“…Moreover, LED-based surgical lights have a long life cycle, between 20,000 and 40,000 hours, and low power consumption [2][3][4]. Figure 1 shows a halogen bulb and an LED package commonly used in surgical lights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Verification of Hybrid Optical System for LED Surgical Light

Kwon

Ahn

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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This paper presents a hybrid single optical system for an LED surgical light that combines the advantages of both lens-and reflector-type single optical systems. The proposed hybrid single optical system includes a lens in the center and the LED light originating from the lens is redirected using a reflector to achieve a high beam spread. Iterative optical software simulations are used to provide data for the design of the lens and reflector for a single optical system, and for a complex optical system for the LED light assembly. The resulting data is also used to fabricate a prototype system. Experiments using the prototype of the hybrid single optical system and a mock-up LED surgical light confirm the system's shadow dilution performance and its applicability to surgical operations.

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Analysis of the LED Lamp Arrangement for Uniformity of Illumination in Indoor VLC System

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Performance estimation of image transmission in indoor visible light communication system based on variable pulse position modulation

Performance estimation of image transmission in indoor visible light communication system based on variable pulse position modulation

A Heuristic Approach for Optical Transceiver Placement to Optimize SNR and Illuminance Uniformities of an Optical Body Area Network

Design and Verification of Hybrid Optical System for LED Surgical Light

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