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Creation of the next generation of energy and resource conserving, very ecologically clean technologies and equipment is a pressing problem. A promising method for ultrapurification of exhausted process and ventilation gas-air flows by removing hydrocarbon-containing materials, carbon and nitrogen oxides is oxidation of such substances on a .catalyst in a photochemical reactor. In this case, general preheating of the gas stream to the reaction temperature is not required.Flow of optically active media (including process gases, air, and also monatomic and diatomic gases [1, 2]) in an infrared (IR) radiation field is accompanied by interrelated processes of thermal energy transport and conduction, convection, and thermal radiation mechanisms. Absorption of radiation by triatomic and polyatomic compounds depends directly on temperature and pressure [3]. Molecules of all compounds have their own characteristic vibrational and rotational frequencies.In comparing the IR radiation frequencies with one or several vibrational and rotational frequencies of the compound, absorption of radiation occurs at these frequencies or wavelengths, i.e., we have resonant absorption. Taking this effect into account, different variants of the process design for thermocatalytic purification of waste gases have been developed [1, 4, 5].Further investigations of the process of oxidation of hydrocarbon-containing compounds in a stream of inert gas with IR radiation showed the advisability of using components of photochemical reactors based on thermocatalytic elements optimized with respect to geometric and technological characteristics with helical vortex generators [6]. Depending on the content of hydrocarbon-containing compounds in the gas stream, we need to choose an IR radiation source by comparing its spectral region with the characteristics of the system to be treated. On interaction of the radiation and the compound, nonthermal effects arise due to quantum mechanical excitations of radiation at the chemical bonds, which determines the kinetics of the chemical reactions, in particular oxidation reactions in the presence of the catalyst.In Fig. 1, we present a diagram showing the thermocatalytic element, consisting of a cylindrical casing on whose inner surface is deposited a layer of catalyst; a coaxial IR radiation source, connected to a source of electrical power; a helical vortex generator which simultaneously acts as the holder for the radiation source; a stabilizing support.The gas stream to be treated is delivered through the helical channels of the vortex generator in the form of a jet into the annular space formed by the casing and the IR radiation source, where it is subjected to irradiation in a centrifugal force field. The carbon-containing compounds, diffusing to the surface of the catalyst and separating on it, are oxidized to COz and H20 molecules.The inner diameter of the thermocatalytic element depends on the diameter of the IR source d~, the thickness of the catalytic coating he, and the optimal thickness of the layer...
Creation of the next generation of energy and resource conserving, very ecologically clean technologies and equipment is a pressing problem. A promising method for ultrapurification of exhausted process and ventilation gas-air flows by removing hydrocarbon-containing materials, carbon and nitrogen oxides is oxidation of such substances on a .catalyst in a photochemical reactor. In this case, general preheating of the gas stream to the reaction temperature is not required.Flow of optically active media (including process gases, air, and also monatomic and diatomic gases [1, 2]) in an infrared (IR) radiation field is accompanied by interrelated processes of thermal energy transport and conduction, convection, and thermal radiation mechanisms. Absorption of radiation by triatomic and polyatomic compounds depends directly on temperature and pressure [3]. Molecules of all compounds have their own characteristic vibrational and rotational frequencies.In comparing the IR radiation frequencies with one or several vibrational and rotational frequencies of the compound, absorption of radiation occurs at these frequencies or wavelengths, i.e., we have resonant absorption. Taking this effect into account, different variants of the process design for thermocatalytic purification of waste gases have been developed [1, 4, 5].Further investigations of the process of oxidation of hydrocarbon-containing compounds in a stream of inert gas with IR radiation showed the advisability of using components of photochemical reactors based on thermocatalytic elements optimized with respect to geometric and technological characteristics with helical vortex generators [6]. Depending on the content of hydrocarbon-containing compounds in the gas stream, we need to choose an IR radiation source by comparing its spectral region with the characteristics of the system to be treated. On interaction of the radiation and the compound, nonthermal effects arise due to quantum mechanical excitations of radiation at the chemical bonds, which determines the kinetics of the chemical reactions, in particular oxidation reactions in the presence of the catalyst.In Fig. 1, we present a diagram showing the thermocatalytic element, consisting of a cylindrical casing on whose inner surface is deposited a layer of catalyst; a coaxial IR radiation source, connected to a source of electrical power; a helical vortex generator which simultaneously acts as the holder for the radiation source; a stabilizing support.The gas stream to be treated is delivered through the helical channels of the vortex generator in the form of a jet into the annular space formed by the casing and the IR radiation source, where it is subjected to irradiation in a centrifugal force field. The carbon-containing compounds, diffusing to the surface of the catalyst and separating on it, are oxidized to COz and H20 molecules.The inner diameter of the thermocatalytic element depends on the diameter of the IR source d~, the thickness of the catalytic coating he, and the optimal thickness of the layer...
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