Analysis of the influence of cardanol content on the properties of phenol-cardanol-formaldehyde novolac resins

Synthesis of Polycardanol Using BF3.O(C2H5)2 as Initiator: Influence of Polymerization Conditions on Reaction Products

“…This signal is related to the occurrence of an etherification reaction involving the OH group of phenol. 19 The low signal intensity suggests that this route was unfavorable during synthesis. In contrast, the absence of this signal in the spectra of the high-conversion products suggests that some factor would be responsible for inhibiting the etherification during the synthesis of these materials.…”

“…Polycondensation of the material is achieved by the reaction of the phenol group with aldehydes, obtaining as a product novolac resins. [18][19][20] On the other hand, polymerization using Lewis acids as cationic initiators can occur either by substitution on the aromatic ring of cardanol, through a Friedel-Crafts aromatic alkylation mechanism, or by the occurrence of etherification involving the phenol OH group during synthesis. However, no differences in the produced structures were identified.…”

Synthesis of bromo‐cardanol novolac resins and evaluation of their effectiveness as flame retardants and adhesives for particleboard

“…Cardanol containing derivatives such as Mannich bases, benzoxazines, and epoxides are used to produce various polymeric materials and composites. Cardanol containing resins can be used as an adhesive for a wide range of eco‐friendly wood‐based composites (i.e., chipboard and fibreboard, polywood or wood laminates) with high physical and mechanical properties …”

Influence of technological factors on properties of chipboards based on a cardanol-containing polyurethane binder

“…Cardanol is a mixture of alkylphenols containing mainly 3 pentadecyl phenol, 3 (8(Z) pentadecenyl)phenol, 3 (8(Z),11(Z) penta decadienyl)phenol, and 3 (8(Z),11(Z),14 pentadec atrienyl)phenol [6,7]. Polymers synthesized with the use of cardanol [8] are characterized by elevated resis tance to water [9,10], acid and alkali, abrasion and wear, and termite damage and and by high electrical resistance [11]. There are no literature data on appli cation of cardanol based polyurethane binders for production of wood composite materials.…”