Analysis of the influence of volume and red blood cell concentration of a thrombus on the permittivity of blood

Abstract

Various extracorporeal circulation devices require a real time thrombus detection system. This paper presents a study toward the establishment of real-time thrombus detection by measuring the electrical properties of blood. We conducted experiments on static bovine blood samples and determined the change in relative permittivity of the samples by changing the size and red blood cell (RBC) concentration of the thrombus in each sample. Results show that the relative permittivity increases linearly with increases in the number of RBCs that form the thrombus. Similarly, permittivity also increases linearly with increases in the volume of the blood that forms the thrombus. These results are consistent with the numerical simulations. However, we found the linear relationship to be dependent on the AC frequency of the applied voltage. We compare and explain this dependency on the basis of earlier studies.

Exponential model normalization for electrical capacitance tomography with external electrodes under gap permittivity conditions

“…Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) was invented to image the permittivity distribution of a multiphase flow from the multi-projection capacitance measurement [1,2]. Recently, it is used to reach the understanding of the hydrodynamic process or chemical process of a relatively complex multiphase distribution such as monitoring temperature distribution in a cooling process [3], cells distribution in microchannel sensor [4], thrombus analysis in blood flow [5], industrial process in fluidized bed [6], two phases flow regime and velocity analysis [7] and soil water content [8]. Generally, the ECT sensor is categorized into two types, i.e.…”