Analysis of the Head of a Simulation Crash Test Dummy with Speed Motion

Abstract

The article presents a model of an anthropometric dummy designed for low velocity crash tests, designed in ADAMS. The model consists of rigid bodies connected with special joints with appropriately selected stiffness and damping. The simulation dummy has the appropriate dimensions, shape, and mass of individual elements to suit a 50 percentile male. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to low speed crash tests. Current dummies such as THOR and Hybrid III are used for crash tests at speeds above 40 km/h. In contrast, the low-speed test dummy currently used is the BioRID-II dummy, which is mainly adapted to the whiplash test at speeds of up to 16km/h. Thus, it can be seen that there is a gap in the use of crash test dummies. There are no low-speed dummies for side and front crash tests, and there are no dummies for rear crash tests between 16 km/h and 25 km/h. Which corresponds to a collision of a passenger vehicle with a hard obstacle at a speed of 30 km/h. Therefore, in collisions with low speeds of 20 km/h, the splash airbag will probably not be activated. The article contains the results of a computer simulation at a speed of 20 km/h vehicle out in the ADAMS program. These results were compared with the experimental results of the laboratory crash test using volunteers and the Hybrid III dummy. The simulation results are the basis for building the physical model dummy. The simulation aims to reflect the greatest possible compliance of the movements of individual parts of the human body during a collision at low speed.

Finding the Correlation between Transport Infrastructure and the Fatal Accident Rate of Cyclists—An International Perspective

“…Due to the needs of this evaluation, it is necessary to develop the appropriate technique and technology of this evaluation. Jaśkiewicz et al (2021) highlights the development of an anthropometric dummy for low-speed crash tests, emphasizing its relevance to assessing bicycle safety at speeds up to 30 km/h where standard dummies are inadequate. Jaśkiewicz (2024) discusses the durability of knee and shoulder joints in the new dummy model, suggesting its potential in enhancing safety measures for bicycle transport through reliable joint mechanisms.…”

Vehicle and Traffic Safety

“…Various research methodologies were used (experimental research on real objects, simulation research, questionnaire research, etc.). Some articles directly related to vehicle safety in the field of car passive safety [1,14], active vehicle safety [7,11,12,20,26], or comfort [25]. Several papers were devoted to issues related to the operation and safety of electric vehicles [10,19,29] and autonomous vehicles [2,8,9,13,16,18].…”

Analysis of Head Displacement during a Frontal Collision at a Speed of 20 km/h—Experimental Studies

“…Vehicle manufacturers should not underestimate this type of collision, because in most cases, collisions at a speed of 20 km/h will not trigger the airbag and a standard seat belt installed in a passenger vehicle may not be tightened by the belt tensioner due to the low impact force. In such a situation, the vehicle driver may hit the vehicle's cockpit [16][17][18].…”