Analysis of the genetic diversity of Chinese native Cannabis sativa cultivars by using ISSR and chromosome markers

Zhang, L.G.; Chang, Yeun-Kyung; Zhang, X.F.; Guan, Fang; Yuan, Hongli; Yu, Ying; Zhao, Lin

doi:10.4238/2014.december.12.10

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Heterozygosity indicates levels of genetic diversity within populations, and has also been used to estimate genetic distance between populations 49 , 50 . Consistent with genetic diversity levels in the present study, previous estimates of heterozygosity across diverse marker types (e.g., SNP, SSR, AFLP) typically identify higher levels of heterozygosity in hemp compared to marijuana 30 , 51 – 53 . However, it should be noted that one study found lower levels of heterozygosity in hemp varieties across 195 samples and 2894 SNPs 29 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Iranian Cannabis Germplasm

Soorni

Fatahi

Haak

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Cannabis sativa has a complex history reflected in both selection on naturally occurring compounds and historical trade routes among humans. Iran is a rich resource of natural populationswhich hold the promise to characterize historical patterns of population structure and genetic diversity within Cannabis. Recent advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have dramatically increased our ability to produce information to the point that it is now feasible to inexpensively obtain population level genotype information at a large scale. In the present investigation, we have explored the use of Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) in Iranian cannabis. We genotyped 98 cannabis samples 36 from Iranian locations and 26 accessions from two germplasm collections. In total, 24,710 high-quality Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) were identified. Clustering analysis by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified two genetic clusters among Iranian populations and fineSTRUCTURE analysis identified 19 populations with some geographic partitioning. We defined Iranian cannabis in two main groups using the results of the PCA and discovered some strong signal to define some locations as population according to fineSTRUCTURE analyses. However, single nucleotide variant analysis uncovered a relatively moderate level of variation among Iranian cannabis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Iranian Cannabis Germplasm

Soorni

Fatahi

Haak

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…A number of genetic markers have been used to determine levels of heterozygosity in Chinese Cannabis germplasm (Table 1 ), with SSR, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic markers indicating a high level of genetic diversity, with the proportion of polymorphic loci ranging from 75 to 92% (Gilmore et al, 2007 ; Hu et al, 2012 ; Gao et al, 2014 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ). Analysis of 76 accessions from 26 countries using 12 chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA loci revealed six haplotypes, all of which were located within or adjacent to China (Gilmore et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: A Hypervariable Species Shaped By Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Belated Green Revolution for Cannabis: Virtual Genetic Resources to Fast-Track Cultivar Development

et al. 2016

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Cannabis is a predominantly diecious phenotypically diverse domesticated genus with few if any extant natural populations. International narcotics conventions and associated legislation have constrained the establishment, characterization, and use of Cannabis genetic resource collections. This has resulted in the underutilization of genepool variability in cultivar development and has limited the inclusion of secondary genepools associated with genetic improvement strategies of the Green Revolution. The structured screening of ex situ germplasm and the exploitation of locally-adapted intraspecific traits is expected to facilitate the genetic improvement of Cannabis. However, limited attempts have been made to establish the full extent of genetic resources available for pre-breeding. We present a thorough critical review of Cannabis ex situ genetic resources, and discuss recommendations for conservation, pre-breeding characterization, and genetic analysis that will underpin future cultivar development. We consider East Asian germplasm to be a priority for conservation based on the prolonged historical cultivation of Cannabis in this region over a range of latitudes, along with the apparent high levels of genetic diversity and relatively low representation in published genetic resource collections. Seed cryopreservation could improve conservation by reducing hybridization and genetic drift that may occur during Cannabis germplasm regeneration. Given the unique legal status of Cannabis, we propose the establishment of a global virtual core collection based on the collation of consistent and comprehensive provenance meta-data and the adoption of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies. This would enable representative core collections to be used for systematic phenotyping, and so underpin breeding strategies for the genetic improvement of Cannabis.

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“…The long and close association of Cannabis plant with man has caused high variations. Today, in China the ancient cultivation of Cannabis results in genetically distinct regional varieties of fiber‐rich hemp that are adapted to local environmental conditions throughout the country (Gao et al, ; Zhang et al, ). The Cannabis smell is a peculiarity of this plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising in vitro antioxidant, anti‐acetylcholinesterase and neuroactive effects of essential oil from two non‐psychotropic Cannabis sativa L. biotypes

Smeriglio

Trombetta

Alloisio

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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The aim of this study was to compare the micro‐morphological features of two different non‐drug Cannabis sativa L. biotypes (Chinese accession G‐309 and one fibrante variety) and to evaluate the phytochemical profile as well as some biological properties of the essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation of dried flowering tops. After a micro‐morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscopy, the phytochemical composition was analysed by GC–FID and GC–MS analyses. Antioxidant and anti‐acetylcholinesterase properties were investigated by several in vitro cell‐free assays, while neuroactive effects were evaluated on mouse cortical neuronal as well as human iPS cell‐derived central nervous system cells grown on MEA chips. Both EOs showed strong antioxidant properties mainly attributable to the high content of hydroxylated compounds as well as significant anti‐acetylcholinesterase activities (IC50 74.64 and 57.31 μg/ml for Chinese accession and fibrante variety, respectively). Furthermore, they showed a concentration‐dependent inhibition of spontaneous electrical activity of human and mouse neuronal networks, with the fibrante variety, which showed the best activity (MFR, IC50 0.71 and 10.60 μg/ml, respectively). The observed biological activities could be due to a synergic effect between terpenes and phytocannabinoids, although in vivo studies, which clarify the molecular mechanism, are still lacking.

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Analysis of the genetic diversity of Chinese native Cannabis sativa cultivars by using ISSR and chromosome markers

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Iranian Cannabis Germplasm

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Iranian Cannabis Germplasm

A Belated Green Revolution for Cannabis: Virtual Genetic Resources to Fast-Track Cultivar Development

Promising in vitro antioxidant, anti‐acetylcholinesterase and neuroactive effects of essential oil from two non‐psychotropic Cannabis sativa L. biotypes

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