Analysis of the free fatty acid metabolome in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and fever

Shin, Tae Hwan; Kim, Hyoun‐Ah; Jung, Ju‐Yang; Lee, Hyeon‐Seong; Park, Hyung Jin; Min, Jeuk; Paik, Man‐Jeong; Lee, Gwang; Suh, Chang‐Hee

doi:10.1007/s11306-017-1308-6

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We also showed renal abnormalities found in most of the patients. Renal abnormality is often found in SLE patients [7,10]; this was also evident in the previous study, wherein they determined that 41.9% of the total 813 SLE patients suffered renal abnormalities [3].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…LCFA and VLCFA, including palmitoleic, myristic and eicosenoic acids, significantly increase in SLE patients. Conversely, the level of linoleic, stearic, caproic, eicosanoic and arachidonic acids significantly decrease in SLE patients [7]. Based on saturation, fatty acid is categorized as unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, palmitoleic, eicosenoic, linoleic, stearic and arachidonic acids) and saturated fatty acids (myristic, caproic and eicosanoic acids) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long and Very Long Fatty Acid Fractionation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Active and Inactive Status

et al. 2020

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Objective: Flare in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an exacerbation of SLE clinical features that were earlier quiescent. The disease activity changes from inactive to active with an increase of several immunological profiles; the rise of immune activity induces a metabolic shift in SLE patients. The previous study aimed to investigate the long and very long fatty acid fractions (LCFA and VLCFA) in the active and inactive statuses of SLE patients and showed there were dynamic changes in fatty acid fractions in SLE patients, compared to healthy subjects. The aim of this preliminary study is to investigate LCFA and VLCFA in the active and inactive condition of SLE patients. Methods: Four serum samples of active and inactive statuses from the same SLE patients were used in this study. Serum LCFA and VLCFA fractions were analyzed by a 7890 Gas Chromatography (GC) System 5977 Mass Selective Detector (MSD). Results: All of the LCFA and VLCFA fractions were increased in the active condition, compared to SLE patients in inactive, although they were statistically not different (p>0.05). The total fatty acid fraction was 38% higher in active condition compare to inactive. The prominent increase of fatty acid fractions was alpha-linolenic acid (inactive vs. active: 23.25±17.97 vs 48.25±38.58 μmol/l), oleic acid (1300±190.4 vs 1774±866.3 μmol/l) and myristic acid (31.25±12.76 vs 59.25±40.4 μmol/l). Conclusion: The serum of LCFA and VLCFA fractions in SLE patients tend to increase in active conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long and Very Long Fatty Acid Fractionation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Active and Inactive Status

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, decreased levels of tryptophan could also be connected to the kynurenine pathway, which is related to the activated immune response and many disorders, including SLE (18). The disease activity score of SLEDAI or SLEDAI-2K was previously reported to be associated with the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio (r = −0.41) in insula (35), the docosapentaenoic acid (r = 0.321) and docosahexaenoic acid (r = 0.339) in plasma (36), as well as the hexose-phosphate (r = 0.492) and other metabolites in peripheral blood lymphocytes (34). Because some of the first symptoms of SLE are in the intestine, the use of intestinal metabolites is likely to become an important means of early warning and predicting the occurrence and development of SLE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fecal Metabolites Were Altered, Identified as Biomarkers and Correlated With Disease Activity in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a GC-MS-Based Metabolomics Study

Ren

Jiang

et al. 2020

Front. Immunol.

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Gut metabolites are products of the crosstalk between microbes and their host and play an important role in the occurrence, development, diagnosis, and treatment of autoimmune diseases. This work profiled the fecal metabolome of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and analyzed the potential roles of metabolites in the diagnosis and development of SLE. Fecal sample from 29 SLE patients without any other diseases and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by metabolomics profiling. All participants took no antibiotics in the month before sampling and clinical data collecting. The metabolome profiles of patients with SLE and HCs were significantly different. Thirty fecal metabolites, such as deoxycholic acid, erucamide, L-tryptophan and putrescine, were significantly enriched, while nine metabolites, such as glyceric acid, γ-tocopherol, (Z)-13-octadecenoic acid and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, were depleted in SLE patients vs. HCs. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of L-valine, pyrimidine, erucamide, and L-leucine during ROC analysis were 0.886, 0.833, 0.829, and 0.803, indicating their good diagnostic potential. Moreover, the combination of L-valine, erucamide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol gave an AUC of 0.959. SLE-altered metabolites were significantly located in 28 pathways, such as ABC transporters (p = 3.40E-13) and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (p = 2.11E-12). Furthermore, SLE-altered fecal metabolites were closely correlated with SLE indicators, e.g., L-tryptophan was positively correlated with the SLEDAI-2K (p = 0.007). Our results suggest that the SLE fecal metabolome is closely associated with the occurrence and development of SLE and is of great diagnostic value.

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“…Thus, increased DHA may protect against inflammation in the SLE model mice. However, some studies of SLE patients get discrepant results, which may be related to the disease status, drug treatment and diet (Wu et al, 2012;Shin et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Profiling Reveals an Abnormal Pattern of Serum Fatty Acids in MRL/lpr Mice Under Treatment With Prednisone

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Unfortunately, excessive GCs can induce many side effects associated with disordered fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Although an increased level of total FA has been found after GCs treatment, it is not clear whether all FA species increased or only certain FA species were altered. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based FA profiling approach was performed to reveal the alterations of FA species in SLE model mice (MRL/lpr) after treatment with 5 mg/kg of prednisone. The study showed a distinct FA profile in MRL/lpr mice compared to the controls, mainly manifested by elevated polyunsaturated FAs (arachidonate, docosahexaenoate, etc.), which are related to the inflammatory state; and altered (product FA/precursor FA) ratios representing the estimated activities of FA desaturase and elongase (higher activities of multiple elongases, △4 desaturase, △5 desaturase, △6 desaturase, and lower activity of △8 desaturase). Treatment with 5 mg/ kg of prednisone decreased the total level of n-6 polyunsaturated FA in MRL/lpr mice; in particular, the level of arachidonate and estimated activity of △5 desaturase were reduced to the control level. Moreover, prednisone induced additional perturbations in FAs, including not only saturated FAs, but also monounsaturated FAs and n-3 polyunsaturated FAs, indicating that there was a strong effect of prednisone on FA metabolism. These results may be valuable for further studies of the side effects of GCs treatment.

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Analysis of the free fatty acid metabolome in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and fever

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Long and Very Long Fatty Acid Fractionation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Active and Inactive Status

Long and Very Long Fatty Acid Fractionation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Active and Inactive Status

Fecal Metabolites Were Altered, Identified as Biomarkers and Correlated With Disease Activity in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a GC-MS-Based Metabolomics Study

Metabolic Profiling Reveals an Abnormal Pattern of Serum Fatty Acids in MRL/lpr Mice Under Treatment With Prednisone

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