Analysis of the FoodNet case-control study of sporadic<i>Salmonella</i>serotype Enteritidis infections using persons infected with other<i>Salmonella</i>serotypes as the comparison group

Voetsch, Andrew C.; Poole, Charles; Hedberg, Craig W.; Hoekstra, Robert M.; Ryder, Robert W.; Weber, D. J.; Angulo, Fred

doi:10.1017/s0950268808000897

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among six Salmonella Enteritis outbreaks documented in Canada between 2003 and2009, three were associated with eggs or chicken (Nesbitt et al, 2012). Internationally, chicken and eggs have also been identified as important risks for sporadic disease (Molbak and Neimann, 2002;Kimura et al, 2004;Marcus et al, 2007;Collard et al, 2008;Voetsch et al, 2009). Unfortunately, neither CI-PARS nor C-EnterNet routinely captures Salmonella data from the layer sector.…”

Section: Qualitative Results: Retrospective Narrativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Canadian Application of One Health: Integration ofSalmonellaData from Various Canadian Surveillance Programs (2005–2010)

Parmley

Pintar

Majowicz

et al. 2013

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Most bacterial pathogens associated with human enteric illness have zoonotic origins and can be transmitted directly from animals to people or indirectly through food and water. This multitude of potential exposure routes and sources makes the epidemiology of these infectious agents complex. To better understand these illnesses and identify solutions to reduce human disease, an integrative approach like One Health is needed. This article considers the issue of Salmonella in Canada and interprets data collected by several Canadian surveillance and research programs. We describe recovery of Salmonella from various samples collected along the exposure pathway and compare the serovars detected in the different components under surveillance (animal, food, environment, and human). We then present three examples to illustrate how an approach that interprets multiple sources of surveillance data together is able to address issues that transcend multiple departments and jurisdictions. First, differences observed in recovery of Salmonella from different cuts of fresh chicken collected by different programs emphasize the importance of considering the surveillance objectives and how they may influence the information that is generated. Second, the high number of Salmonella Enteritidis cases in Canada is used to illustrate the importance of ongoing, concurrent surveillance of human cases and exposure sources to information domestic control and prevention strategies. Finally, changing patterns in the occurrence of ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg in retail meats and humans demonstrates how integrated surveillance can identify an issue in an exposure source and link it to a trend in human disease. Taken together, surveillance models that encompass different scales can leverage infrastructure, costs, and benefits and generate a multidimensional picture that can better inform disease prevention and control programs.

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Section: Qualitative Results: Retrospective Narrativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Canadian Application of One Health: Integration ofSalmonellaData from Various Canadian Surveillance Programs (2005–2010)

Parmley

Pintar

Majowicz

et al. 2013

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…In contrast, S. Enteritidis accounted for 16.3% of all laboratory-confirmed human isolates reported to the CDC during the same time period. Human infection with S. Enteritidis has historically been associated with the consumption of undercooked eggs but increasingly has been associated with the consumption of chicken meat in recent years (41,42). C. jejuni was the most frequently isolated Campylobacter species and is also the most common cause of human campylobacteriosis (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. in Environmental Farm Samples and Processing Plant Carcass Rinses from Commercial Broiler Chicken Flocks

Berghaus

Thayer²,

Law

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

139

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A prospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the prevalences and loads of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. in farm and processing plant samples collected from 55 commercial broiler chicken flocks. Environmental samples were collected from broiler houses within 48 h before slaughter, and carcass rinses were performed on birds from the same flocks at 4 different stages of processing. Salmonella was detected in farm samples of 50 (90.9%) flocks and in processing samples of 52 (94.5%) flocks. Campylobacter was detected in farm samples of 35 (63.6%) flocks and in processing samples of 48 (87.3%) flocks. There was a significant positive relationship between environmental farm samples and processing plant carcass rinses with respect to both Salmonella and Campylobacter prevalences and loads. Campylobacter loads were significantly higher than Salmonella loads, and the correlations between samples collected from the same flocks were higher for Campylobacter than they were for Salmonella. Boot socks were the most sensitive sample type for detection of Salmonella on the farm, whereas litter samples had the strongest association with Salmonella loads in pre-and postchill carcass rinses. Boot socks, drag swabs, and fecal samples all had similar sensitivities for detecting Campylobacter on the farm, and all were more strongly associated with Campylobacter loads in carcass rinses than were litter samples. Farm samples explained a greater proportion of the variability in carcass rinse prevalences and loads for Campylobacter than they did for Salmonella. Salmonella and Campylobacter prevalences and loads both decreased significantly as birds progressed through the processing plant.

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“…It has been used to study clinical features and risk factors associated with particular subtypes of Salmonella (Gupta et al, 2003;Van Beneden et al, 1999;Kist and Freitag, 2000;Voetsch et al, 2009;Aiken et al, 2010), Campylobacter (Smith et al, 1999;Gillespie et al, 2002), and Clostridium difficile (Morgan et al, 2008). One of its main advantages is the removal of selection bias imposed by the surveillance system, as both cases and control-cases were subjected to the same selection process in order to be detected by the NYSDOH as a laboratory-confirmed case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Human Salmonellosis Caused by Bovine-Associated Subtypes in New York

Cummings

Warnick

Gröhn

et al. 2012

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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The objective of this study was to identify patient symptoms and case outcomes that were more likely to occur as a result of Salmonella infections caused by bovine-associated subtypes (isolates that matched contemporary bovine isolates from New York by serovar and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern), as compared to salmonellosis caused by non-bovine-associated subtypes. Data were collected in 34 counties of New York that comprise the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) catchment area of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program. Patients with specimen collection dates between March 1, 2008 and March 1, 2010 were included. Symptoms and outcomes of 40 cases infected with bovineassociated Salmonella subtypes were compared to those of 379 control-cases infected with Salmonella isolates that were not bovine-associated. Cases were significantly more likely to have invasive salmonellosis (odds ratio, 3.8; p-value = 0.02), after adjusting for age group, gender, and race. In addition, there was a marginal association between case status and the presence of blood in the stool ( p-value = 0.1) while ill. These findings might have implications for patient management, as a history of consuming undercooked foods of bovine origin or having direct contact with cattle in the few days prior to illness could be useful for suggesting a more proactive diagnostic approach as well as close monitoring for the need to implement more aggressive therapy.

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Analysis of the FoodNet case-control study of sporadicSalmonellaserotype Enteritidis infections using persons infected with otherSalmonellaserotypes as the comparison group

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

A Canadian Application of One Health: Integration ofSalmonellaData from Various Canadian Surveillance Programs (2005–2010)

A Canadian Application of One Health: Integration ofSalmonellaData from Various Canadian Surveillance Programs (2005–2010)

Enumeration of Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. in Environmental Farm Samples and Processing Plant Carcass Rinses from Commercial Broiler Chicken Flocks

Clinical Features of Human Salmonellosis Caused by Bovine-Associated Subtypes in New York

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