Analysis of the Factors Associated with ED in Type 2 Diabetics at the University Hospital of Libreville

Abstract

Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is very common in diabetic males, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many factors and complications of diabetes such as macro- and micro-angiopathy are associated with risks leading to ED in male patients. Aim Analysis of factors associated with ED in T2DM. The purpose of this study is to shed light on potential associations between ED, type 2 diabetes, and some risks factors. Material and methods This was a prospective analytic study of T2DM over 18. The study population consisted of diabetic patients seen at the endocrinology and urology departments of the University Hospital during the study period. Evaluation of ED was made by IIEF 5 score. Outcomes A total of 333 patients were selected for the study. The mean age was 56.6 ± 9.8 and the prevalence of ED was 82.6% (n = 275). Results In univariate analysis, several associated factors were identified such as micro-angiopathic type complications including diabetic retinopathy (OR 4.88 [2.31–10.33], P < .001), diabetic nephropathy (OR 12.67 [1.71–93.66], P = .002) and macro-angiopathic type including arterial hypertension (OR 3.12 [1.69–5.75], P < .001). In multivariate analysis, duration of diabetes, micro and macroangiopathic complications, and hyperuricemia were independent risk factors for the occurrence of ED (P < .05). Clinical Implications The presence of certain complications of diabetes such as micro or macro angiopathy or hyperuricemia should lead to a search for a ED. The presence of these associated factors identified in type 2 diabetic patients should systematically prompt an ED diagnosis which is often moderate or severe. That diagnosis would help design a protocol for the management and improvement of the life quality of these patients. Strengths and Limitations The strength of this work is that it was conducted in the biggest hospital in the country which gives us a good idea of the trend of this ailment in the country. But the limitation of the study is that it only included patients who visited the hospital. This is monocentric hospital study was also transversal which does allow to establish a causal link. Conclusion ED has a significant prevalence in T2DM. Several associated factors identified in uni and multivariate analyses, including duration of diabetes, micro and macro angiopathic complications, and hyperuricemia, increase ED risk. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the existence of these factors to improve the management of ED, which may allow the patient to regain a better overall health status.