Analysis of the Evacuation Capacity of Parallel Double Running Stairs in Different Merging Form Based on Simulation

Zheng, Xiazhong; Xie, Xu; Tian, Dan; Zhou, Jian-Lan; Zhang, Ming

doi:10.1155/2018/3541420

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…When studying the evacuation of multi-story buildings, stairs evacuation is usually considered part of the evacuation process. Two aspects are usually considered in regards of the stairs; the stairs design and the occupants' behaviour on stairs [91]. In [102], the authors describe a model that considers the specifications of personal space to describe uni-and bi-directional pedestrian movement on stairs.…”

Section: Type and Scale Of Evacuated Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers built their simulations using commercially available simulation software such as Any-Logic [18], [30], [49], [55], [71], [85], NetLogo [1], [25], [32]- [34], [42], [48], [51], [60], [78], [83], GAMA [83], [89], [90] and Pathfinder [63], [91]. NetLogo and AnyLogic were the software most referenced in the papers surveyed, with NetLogo being used in 13.8% of the simulations and AnyLogic in 7.5%, see Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulation results are compared to the data from the same simulated building [11], [23], [40], [43], [96], or a similar one [60]. Since real evacuation data may not be available, models can be validated against drills in non-emergency situations [29], [91]. Strongly considered validation methods include results comparison with previously validated models [25], [34], and validating a specific aspect in the simulation against real-world data (i.e.…”

Section: G Analysis and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

2020

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Crowd evacuation in emergencies may lead to fatalities if the evacuation plans were not tested and evaluated. Traditionally, evacuation drills have been, and still are, being used to assess evacuation plans. However, in recent years the simulation of evacuation plans during emergencies has emerged as a strong alternative that is cost effective and potentially more accurate. Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) is the preferred type of simulation for evacuation scenarios, due to its ability to model individual decisionmaking and social behaviour. In this paper we conduct meta-analysis of eighty-one peer-reviewed papers published between 2009 and 2019 that used ABS to model pedestrian evacuation. Our analysis assesses the current state-of-art and identifies opportunities for improvement. We identify seven dimensions over which the surveyed papers agree or differ. The dimensions include purpose of the simulation, type of emergency and environment considerations, type and scale of evacuated space, simulation software used, agents' characteristics and behaviour, support of evacuation policies, and analysis and validation. We conduct meta-analysis of the surveyed papers along the identified dimensions. One of the main findings of our analysis is the lack of a standardized validation methodology for ABS of emergency evacuation.

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Section: Type and Scale Of Evacuated Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: G Analysis and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

2020

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“…Table 2 shows that the calculated maximum evacuation time is 299.3 s through the 7th evacuation route, while the minimum evacuation time is 218.0 s through the 11th evacuation route. e total simulation process lasts 308 s, which is longer than that along the routes listed in Table 2, that because the simulation time is the comprehensive evacuation Comparatively, (1) taking the two-oor canteen as an example, 268 people were simulated for evacuation, and the total evacuation time was 179.3 s (0.67 s/person) [56], (2) in the two-oor under-ground island station, considering evacuation in di erent escalator operation strategies and the movement state of persons on escalator, 554 pedestrians were evacuated between 195 s and 242 s (0.35 s/person to 0.43 s/person) [11], (3) taking a multi oor transfer metro station as the background, 2660 people were simulated for evacuation, and the total evacuation time was 750 s (0.28 s/person) [57]. us, compared to other simulation research, the simulation evacuation time of the Lianglukou station (0.48 s/person) is in the scope of the listed existing studies (0.28 s/person to 0.67 s/person).…”

Section: Identi Cation Of Distinctive Time Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Tian

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Rail transit stations with multifloor structures have been built in many cities to intensively utilize land resources and facilitate lives of community. However, being overcrowded with passengers results in high risks during daily operation. In response, this study conducted an emergency evacuation simulation and optimization in the three-dimensional (3D) space of “complex rail transit stations” (CRTSs). The aim of the paper is to provide a methodology to determine effective emergency evacuation strategies for CRTSs. The Lianglukou Rail Transit Station in Chongqing, China, was used as a case study and the AnyLogic simulation platform employed for simulating emergency evacuations. An emergency evacuation theoretical framework was established. The emergency evacuation strategies, including evacuation routes and evacuation times, were determined based on the theoretical demonstration. Simulation and optimization of emergency evacuation in the Lianglukou station were conducted. Accordingly, four main simulation results were obtained: (1) Escalators/stairs and turnstiles are key facilities in the evacuation; (2) Effective guidance for the evacuation is necessary in the public space of the station; (3) Passenger aggregation nodes should be guided for balanced evacuation; (4) Removing metal barriers is a useful evacuation optimization measure. The proposed research method and framework can be used by other CRTSs in the establishment of emergency evacuation strategies and effective optimization strategies to promote safety of transportation system. The research findings are beneficial to passengers in helping them provide valuable emergency evacuation guidance.

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“…us, the pedestrian passing rate of the oor channel and stairs can be in uenced by the width of the oor channel and stairs. Zheng [35] proposed the oor merging ratio by the merging number of stairs pedestrians and oor channel pedestrians in unit time. In this paper, the merging ratio is calculated by the design pedestrian pass rate for stairs and oors, which can be de ned as where represents the merging ratio, is the design width of the oor channel, and is the design width of the stairs.…”

Section: De Nition Pedestrian Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stairs Evacuation Model Considering the Pedestrian Merging Flows

Zheng

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2019

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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Pedestrian merging flows are common in a stairs evacuation process, which involves complex interactions among pedestrians that substantially restrict the efficiency of the stairs evacuation process. Analyzing the pedestrian merging flows process and improving the efficiency of stairs evacuation are urgent and essential tasks. A novel simplified stairs evacuation model for simulating and analyzing the stairs evacuation process, which considers the impact of merging flows, is proposed in this process. The dynamic pedestrian output rate of a floor platform is calculated by the number of pedestrians on the floor platform. The merging ratio determined by the design size of stairs is adopted to determine the ratio between the stairs pedestrian flow and the floor pedestrian flow in the pedestrian output rate of the floor platform. To evaluate the stairs evacuation process is divided into three stages based on the pedestrian merging flows process, and the evacuation time at each stage is computed by the dynamic pedestrian output rate of the floor platform. The stairs evacuation capacity is calculated by the evacuation time and the number of pedestrians. A case study of a six-floor building evacuation is investigated, and the reliability and feasibility of the proposed model is verified. By establishing different merging ratios, the optimal merging ratio is obtained by comparing the evacuation capacities of different merging ratios, which provides a reference of stairs design for designers.

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Analysis of the Evacuation Capacity of Parallel Double Running Stairs in Different Merging Form Based on Simulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

Research Issues in Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrians Evacuation

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

A Stairs Evacuation Model Considering the Pedestrian Merging Flows

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