Analysis of the epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in the State of Pernambuco from 2015 to 2017

Abstract

Syphilis is considered an infectious disease, when it affects pregnant women, it can cause congenital syphilis, causing consequences for the conceptus. Congenital syphilis is due to the hematogenous dissemination of Treponema pallidum from pregnant women to her conceptus, by transplant. Congenital syphilis is considered a serious public health problem for Brazil. To describe the epidemiological profile of syphilis in the state of Pernambuco from 2015 to 2017. Secondary data were used from the Database of the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS) through notifications of congenital syphilis, covering the state of Pernambuco from 2015 to 2017 by the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and tabulated by TABNET. 5,097 cases of congenital syphilis were recorded in the state of Pernambuco from 2015 to 2017. The year in which a higher rate of cases was observed was in 2017 with 37.15% (n=1,894) the city of Recife had the highest rate of reported cases, among all cities of Pernambuco with 59.46% (n= 3,031) according to the most predominant race was mixed with 70.23% (n=3,580) it was observed that most mothers had the 5th to 8th incomplete grade of elementary school, totaling 34.37% (n=1,752). The number of mothers who underwent prenatal care was 77.26%, (n=3,938) it was also observed that the majority did not treat their partners reaching 45.16%. (n=2,302). With the high numbers of confirmed cases of congenital syphilis, it is necessary that primary care has control of the disease, investigates syphilis in pregnant women, creating strategies to reduce these numbers, it is suggested, early diagnosis of maternal infection, because the earlier the diagnosis, the greater the possibility of completing treatment in a timely manner, thus avoiding vertical transmission to the newborn, preventing complications from appearing to the fetus.