The marshes contain natural and human resources, and these resources represent the available capabilities that constitute the economic basis for the process of developing the marshes. The marshes derive their water from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and rainwater. They are considered the main source for them, and the area of land covered with water expands at the time of the flood in the late winter and early spring. Its levels decrease in the summer during the dry days. The research problem crystallizes in the fluctuation of the quantity of water input into the marsh region, which results in the contraction and expansion of the areas of the land submerged therein. So, the goal of the study is to look at the reality of the marshes of the marshes and figure out how the submerged areas are changing and how they affect the area. The study relies on the descriptive analytical approach to statistical data and considers the Central Marshlands as a model. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that changing the ecosystem as a result of fluctuating water reaching it and shrinking submerged lands. In addition, the research proposes, is to use a basin and low marshes as a large water reservoir to preserve water in times of floods from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, rain, and torrents. Conclude water agreements with upstream countries to ensure continued inspection of water on a regular basis and the stability of Iraq's water resources is thus reflected positively on the marshes.