Analysis of the Effects on Time Between Divorce Decree and Suicide

Jamison, Ethan C.; Bol, Kirk A.; Mintz, Sasha

doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000563

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, while familial environmental factors contribute to risk for suicidality, their impact is quite modest relative to genetic factors and individual-level environmental exposures [e.g. divorce (Jamison, Bol, & Mintz, 2019; Roškar et al, 2011), socioeconomic factors (Lorant, Kunst, Huisman, Costa, & Mackenbach, 2005; Rosoff, Kaminsky, McIntosh, Smith, & Lohoff, 2020)].…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic liability to suicide attempt, suicide death, and psychiatric and substance use disorders on the risk for suicide attempt and suicide death: a Swedish national study

et al. 2021

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Background How does genetic liability to suicide attempt (SA), suicide death (SD), major depression (MD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SZ), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and drug use disorder (DUD) impact on risk for SA and SD? Methods In the Swedish general population born 1932–1995 and followed through 2017 (n = 7 661 519), we calculate family genetic risk scores (FGRS) for SA, SD, MD, BD, SZ, AUD, and DUD. Registration for SA and SD was assessed from Swedish national registers. Results In univariate and multivariate models predicting SA, FGRS were highest for SA, AUD, DUD, and MD. In univariate models predicting SD, the strongest FGRS were AUD, DUD, SA, and SD. In multivariate models, the FGRS for SA and AUD were higher in predicting SA while the FGRS for SD, BD, and SZ were higher in predicting SD. Higher FGRS for all disorders significantly predicted both younger age at first SA and frequency of attempts. For SD, higher FGRS for MD, AUD, and SD predicted later age at SD. Mediation of FGRS effects on SA and SD was more pronounced for SD than SA, strongest for AUD, DUD, and SZ FGRS and weakest for MD. Conclusions FGRS for both SA and SD and for our five psychiatric disorders impact on risk for SA and SD in a complex manner. While some of the impact of genetic risk factors for psychiatric disorders on risk for SA and SD is mediated through developing the disorders, these risks also predispose directly to suicidal behaviors.

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confidence: 99%

Genetic liability to suicide attempt, suicide death, and psychiatric and substance use disorders on the risk for suicide attempt and suicide death: a Swedish national study

et al. 2021

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“…Finally, divorce is a process rather than a discrete event (Amato, 2010) and developing preventive interventions to reduce suicidal behavior among divorcing individuals necessitates a careful understanding of the underlying temporal dynamics. There is some evidence that the year following divorce represents an especially high-risk period (Jamison, Bol, & Mintz, 2019), and that separation is even more strongly associated with suicide death than divorce (Wyder, Ward, & De Leo, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Divorce and risk of suicide attempt: a Swedish national study

Edwards,

Ohlsson,

Salvatore

et al. 2023

Psychol. Med.

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Background Prior research has reported an association between divorce and suicide attempt. We aimed to clarify this complex relationship, considering sex differences, temporal factors, and underlying etiologic pathways. Methods We used Swedish longitudinal national registry data for a cohort born 1960–1990 that was registered as married between 1978 and 2018 (N = 1 601 075). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between divorce and suicide attempt. To assess whether observed associations were attributable to familial confounders or potentially causal in nature, we conducted co-relative analyses. Results In the overall sample and in sex-stratified analyses, divorce was associated with increased risk of suicide attempt (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] 1.66–1.77). Risk was highest in the year immediately following divorce (HRs 2.20–2.91) and declined thereafter, but remained elevated 5 or more years later (HRs 1.41–1.51). Divorcees from shorter marriages were at higher risk for suicide attempt than those from longer marriages (HRs 3.33–3.40 and 1.20–1.36, respectively). In general, HRs were higher for divorced females than for divorced males. Co-relative analyses suggested that familial confounders and a causal pathway contribute to the observed associations. Conclusions The association between divorce and risk of suicide attempt is complex, varying as a function of sex and time-related variables. Given evidence that the observed association is due in part to a causal pathway from divorce to suicide attempt, intervention or prevention efforts, such as behavioral therapy, could be most effective early in the divorce process, and in particular among females and those whose marriages were of short duration.

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