Analysis of the effects of geomagnetic storms in the Schumann Resonance station data in Mexico

Pazos, Marni; Mendoza, B.; Sierra, P.; Andrade, E.; Rodríguez, Daniel; Mendoza, V. M.; Garduño, René

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2019.105091

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Solar X-ray bursts (Roldugin et al, 2004b;Sátori et al, 2005;Dyrda et al, 2015;Sátori et al, 2016;Shvets et al, 2017) and solar proton events (Schlegel and Füllekrug, 1999;Roldugin et al, 2003;Singh et al, 2014) are known to cause such changes in frequencies (of both signs). In contrast, occasional variations in SR intensity with extra-terrestrial origin have been associated only with solar proton events so far (Schlegel and Füllekrug, 1999;Roldugin et al, 2003), and recently, indication for periods with increased SR intensity during geomagnetic storms was demonstrated as well (Salinas et al, 2016;Pazos et al, 2019). We note that variations in SR were also reported connected to seismic activity (e.g., Christofilakis et al, 2019;Galuk et al, 2019;Florios et al, 2020;Hayakawa et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Solar Cycle-Modulated Deformation of the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity

et al. 2021

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The Earth–ionosphere cavity resonator is occupied primarily by the electromagnetic radiation of lightning below 100 Hz. The phenomenon is known as Schumann resonances (SR). SR intensity is an excellent indicator of lightning activity and its distribution on global scales. However, long-term measurements from high latitude SR stations revealed a pronounced in-phase solar cycle modulation of SR intensity seemingly contradicting optical observations of lightning from satellite, which do not show any significant solar cycle variation in the intensity and spatial distribution of lightning activity on the global scale. The solar cycle-modulated local deformation of the Earth–ionosphere cavity by the ionization of energetic electron precipitation (EEP) has been suggested as a possible phenomenon that may account for the observed long-term modulation of SR intensity. Precipitating electrons in the energy range of 1–300 keV can affect the Earth–ionosphere cavity resonator in the altitude range of about 70–110 km and modify the SR intensities. However, until now there was no direct evidence documented in the literature supporting this suggestion. In this paper we present long-term SR intensity records from eight stations, each equipped with a pair of induction coil magnetometers: five high latitude (|lat| > 60°), two mid-high latitude (50° < |lat| < 60°) and one low latitude (|lat| < 30°). These long-term, ground-based SR intensity records are compared on the annual and interannual timescales with the fluxes of precipitating 30–300 keV medium energy electrons provided by the POES NOAA-15 satellite and on the daily timescale with electron precipitation events identified using a SuperDARN radar in Antarctica. The long-term variation of the Earth–ionosphere waveguide’s effective height, as inferred from its cutoff frequency, is independently analyzed based on spectra recorded by the DEMETER satellite. It is shown that to account for all our observations one needs to consider both the effect of solar X-rays and EEP which modify the quality factor of the cavity and deform it dominantly over low- and high latitudes, respectively. Our results suggest that SR measurements should be considered as an alternative tool for collecting information about and thus monitoring changes in the ionization state of the lower ionosphere associated with EEP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Solar Cycle-Modulated Deformation of the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity

et al. 2021

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“…Changes in the properties of the Earth‐ionosphere cavity, that is, the propagation conditions of ELF waves on the even longer interannual time scale (Bozóki et al., 2021), are another challenge that needs to be addressed in the future. Shorter timescale changes in the properties of the Earth‐ionosphere cavity associated with space weather, for example, connected with energetic electron precipitation (Bozóki et al., 2021), with geomagnetic storms (Pazos et al., 2019; Salinas et al., 2016), with solar proton events (Roldugin et al., 2003; Schlegel & Füllekrug, 1999), and with the solar rotation (Füllekrug & Fraser‐Smith, 1996) can also bias the SR‐based characterization of global lightning activity. However, in the present study there is no clear evidence of a significant space weather effect based on comparisons with independent lightning observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day‐To‐Day Quantification of Changes in Global Lightning Activity Based on Schumann Resonances

et al. 2023

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The importance of lightning has long been recognized from the point of view of climate-related phenomena. However, the detailed investigation of lightning on global scales is currently hindered by the incomplete and spatially uneven detection efficiency of ground-based global lightning detection networks and by the restricted spatio-temporal coverage of satellite observations. We are developing different methods for investigating global lightning activity based on Schumann resonance (SR) measurements. SRs are global electromagnetic resonances of the Earth-ionosphere cavity maintained by the vertical component of lightning. Since charge separation in thunderstorms is gravity-driven, charge is typically separated vertically in thunderclouds, so every lightning flash contributes to the measured SR field. This circumstance makes SR measurements very suitable for climate-related investigations. In this study, 19 days of global lightning activity in January 2019 are analyzed based on SR intensity records from 18 SR stations and the results are compared with independent lightning observations provided by ground-based (WWLLN, GLD360, and ENTLN) and satellite-based (GLM, LIS/OTD) global lightning detection. Daily average SR intensity records from different stations exhibit strong similarity in the investigated time interval. The inferred intensity of global lightning activity varies by a factor of 2-3 on the time scale of 3-5 days which we attribute to continental-scale temperature changes related to cold air outbreaks from polar regions. While our results demonstrate that the SR phenomenon is a powerful tool to investigate global lightning, it is also clear that currently available technology limits the detailed quantitative evaluation of lightning activity on continental scales. Plain Language SummaryLightning is recognized as a climate variable indicating the changing climate of the Earth. Surface temperature changes on the order of 1°C can result in a significant change in lightning frequency. Lightning activity is monitored on a global scale by satellites and by ground-based global lightning detection networks. However, the detection efficiency of these available technologies is limited which restricts the investigation of global lightning activity especially on the day-to-day time scale. In this study, we propose an alternative method to monitor day-to-day changes in global lightning activity based on Schumann resonance measurements and thus we compare SR-based observations with available global lightning monitoring techniques. We show that the overall intensity of global lightning activity can vary considerably (by a factor of 2-3) within a few days, further motivating our efforts to monitor such changes and understand BOZÓKI ET AL.

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“…In the lightning ELF phenomena community, the investigations in 2019 focus on the modeling of the ionospheric cavity through various computational techniques with the aim of establishing a model as real as possible [118]. SR measures are still used for the reconstruction of global lightning activity [24] or for the analysis of the effects of geomagnetic storms [119], coinciding most of the works in which the number of SR measurement stations should increase in the near future to correlate the records. The relationship between SR perturbations and seismic activity is also currently being investigated [21] in order to carry out an increasingly effective prediction of the presence of seismic phenomena and alert the population of their effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Knowledge, Application and Influence of Extremely Low Frequency Signals

et al. 2020

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This paper describes the characteristics of contributions made by researchers worldwide in the field of ELF (extremely low frequency) waves from 1957 to 2019. The data were collected through the Scopus database and processed with analytical and bibliometric techniques. The selection of the keywords is an essential step, because ELF has a very different meaning in some areas of medicine, where it is associated with a gene. A total of 12,436 documents were worked on in 12 thematic communities according to their collaborative relationships between authors and documents. Studies included authors publishing in the different thematic areas and the country where the USA stands first with more researchers in this theme than China and Japan. Documents were analyzed from the temporal perspective, their overall contribution, means of publication, and the language of the publication. Research requires extra effort and multidisciplinary collaboration to improve the knowledge, the application, and influence of these fields.

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Analysis of the effects of geomagnetic storms in the Schumann Resonance station data in Mexico

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Solar Cycle-Modulated Deformation of the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity

Solar Cycle-Modulated Deformation of the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity

Day‐To‐Day Quantification of Changes in Global Lightning Activity Based on Schumann Resonances

Progress in the Knowledge, Application and Influence of Extremely Low Frequency Signals

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