Analysis of the Effect of Protective Properties of Concretes with Similar Composition on the Corrosion Rate of Reinforcing Steel Induced by Chloride Ions

Szweda, Zofia; Kuziak, Justyna; Sozańska-Jędrasik, Liwia; Czachura, Dominik

doi:10.3390/ma16103889

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The outcomes of these tests yield the values of corrosive current densities, providing a distinct measure of the corrosion rate for the reinforcement. The corrosion current

(μA)) can be calculated using the polarization resistance (

(kΩ)) obtained through LPR measurement, as per to the Stern–Geary equations [ 56 ]:

where

and

are constants of anodic and cathodic reactions, respectively, coefficients of rectilinear slope for segments of polarization curves—anodic

and cathodic

. For the set of results the graphs are based on, refer to the dataset [ 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outcomes of these tests yield the values of corrosive current densities, providing a distinct measure of the corrosion rate for the reinforcement. The corrosion current (𝑖 (µA)) can be calculated using the polarization resistance (𝑅 (kΩ)) obtained through LPR measurement, as per to the Stern-Geary equations [56]: As depicted in Figure 5a, the chloride concentration in the C1.1 concrete sample, near the reinforcing bars, was approximately 1.4% of the cement's weight after 14 days of migration. Similarly, in the C1.2 concrete sample, near the reinforcing bars, the chloride concentration exceeded approximately 1.4% of the weight of cement after 28 days of migration.…”

Section: Results Of the Accelerated Process Of Chloride Migration In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results Of the Accelerated Process Of Chloride Migration In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Corrosion Processes on the Degradation of Concrete Cover

Szweda,

Skórkowski,

Konečný

2024

Materials

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In this work, two methods were used to accelerate the corrosion of concrete. In the first method, chloride ions were injected into the concrete using the migration method. The moment of the initiation of the corrosion process was monitored using an electrochemical method of measuring polarization resistance. In the next step, the corrosion process was accelerated by the electrolysis process. Changes on the sample surface were also monitored using a camera. In the second method, the corrosion process of the reinforcing bar was initiated by the use of the electrolysis process only. Here, changes occurring on the surfaces of the tested sample were recorded using two web cameras placed on planes perpendicular to each other. Continuous measurement of the current flowing through the system was carried out in both cases. It was assumed that in conditions of natural corrosion, a crack would occur when the sum of the mass loss of the reinforcing bar due to corrosion reached the same value in tcr(real) (real time) as it reached in the tcr (time of cracking) during the accelerated corrosion test. The real time value was estimated for C1 concrete with cement CEM I. The estimated value was tcr(real) = 1.1 years and for C2 concrete with cement CEM III, tcr(real) = 11.2 years. However, the main difference that was observed during the tests was the nature of the concrete cracks. In the case of the C1 concrete sample, these occurred along the reinforcing bar, while in the C2 concrete, the failures occurred on a perpendicular plane transverse to the direction of the reinforcing bar.

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“…The outcomes of these tests yield the values of corrosive current densities, providing a distinct measure of the corrosion rate for the reinforcement. The corrosion current

(μA)) can be calculated using the polarization resistance (

(kΩ)) obtained through LPR measurement, as per to the Stern–Geary equations [ 56 ]:

where

and

are constants of anodic and cathodic reactions, respectively, coefficients of rectilinear slope for segments of polarization curves—anodic

and cathodic

. For the set of results the graphs are based on, refer to the dataset [ 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results Of the Accelerated Process Of Chloride Migration In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results Of the Accelerated Process Of Chloride Migration In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Influence of Corrosion Processes on the Degradation of Concrete Cover

Szweda,

Skórkowski,

Konečný

2024

Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Effect of Constrictivity of Gel/Capillary Pores in Concrete on Chloride Ions Migration

Zhang,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng

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Corrosion of steel bars due to chloride ions in seawater migration into reinforced concrete (RC) lining is a major factor affecting the lifetime of subsea tunnels. To improve the safety assessment of existing subsea tunnels, a coupled hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (H-M-C) model is proposed to simulate the chloride ions migration process with hydrostatic pressure in the RC lining of subsea tunnels for obtaining the long-term distribution of chloride ions in the RC lining more accurately. In the H-M-C coupled model, the volume uid fraction and convection velocity obtained from the bidirectionally coupled hydraulic and mechanic analysis are unidirectionally considered in the analysis of convection, diffusion, and adsorption of chloride ions in the RC lining. In addition, to consider the in uence of concrete microscopic pores (e.g., gel pores and capillary pores) size on chloride ion migration, the classic expression of the effective diffusion coe cient is modi ed by considering a constrictivity factor that varies nonlinearly with the microscopic pore size. Results indicate that in the diffusion zone, the concentration of chloride ions signi cantly increases with increasing gel/capillary pores radius (r peak ), leading to a rapid non-linear decrease in the service time of the RC subsea tunnel. Afterward, to more clearly ascertain the sensitivity of the effects of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ion migration, the sensitivity analyses are carried out on four sets of parameters (i.e., saturated permeability, van Genuchten parameters, initial saturation, and binding capacity parameters). The results of the sensitivity analyses suggest that the effects of capillary pores radius (r peak ) on the penetration process of chloride ions in the concrete lining of subsea tunnels are more sensitive to the initial saturation (S e ) than the vG parameters (a and m). Furthermore, with the increase of capillary pores radius (r peak ), the sensitivity of the chloride ion penetration to capillary pores radius the under different chloride binding conditions is increasing.

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Effect of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ions migration

Zhang,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Corrosion of steel bars due to chloride ions in seawater migration into reinforced concrete (RC) lining is a major factor affecting the lifetime of subsea tunnels. To improve the safety assessment of existing subsea tunnels, a coupled hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (H-M-C) model is proposed to simulate the chloride ions migration process with hydrostatic pressure in the RC lining of subsea tunnels for obtaining the long-term distribution of chloride ions in the RC lining more accurately. In the H-M-C coupled model, the volume fluid fraction and convection velocity obtained from the bidirectionally coupled hydraulic and mechanic analysis are unidirectionally considered in the analysis of convection, diffusion, and adsorption of chloride ions in the RC lining. In addition, to consider the influence of concrete microscopic pores (e.g., gel pores and capillary pores) size on chloride ion migration, the classic expression of the effective diffusion coefficient is modified by considering a constrictivity factor that varies nonlinearly with the microscopic pore size. Results indicate that in the diffusion zone, the concentration of chloride ions significantly increases with increasing gel/capillary pores radius (rpeak), leading to a rapid non-linear decrease in the service time of the RC subsea tunnel. Afterward, to more clearly ascertain the sensitivity of the effects of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ion migration, the sensitivity analyses are carried out on four sets of parameters (i.e., saturated permeability, van Genuchten parameters, initial saturation, and binding capacity parameters). The results of the sensitivity analyses suggest that the effects of capillary pores radius (rpeak) on the penetration process of chloride ions in the concrete lining of subsea tunnels are more sensitive to the initial saturation (Se) than the vG parameters (a and m). Furthermore, with the increase of capillary pores radius (rpeak), the sensitivity of the chloride ion penetration to capillary pores radius the under different chloride binding conditions is increasing.

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Analysis of the Effect of Protective Properties of Concretes with Similar Composition on the Corrosion Rate of Reinforcing Steel Induced by Chloride Ions

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

The Influence of Corrosion Processes on the Degradation of Concrete Cover

The Influence of Corrosion Processes on the Degradation of Concrete Cover

Effect of Constrictivity of Gel/Capillary Pores in Concrete on Chloride Ions Migration

Effect of constrictivity of gel/capillary pores in concrete on chloride ions migration

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