Analysis of the distribution of cholesterol in the intact cell.

Lange, Yvonne; Ramos, Belén

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43782-3

Cited by 230 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…very heterogeneous (Schroeder et al, 1996;Brown and Rose, 1992) and because of the apparent colocalization of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in membranes (Lange et al, 1989;Lange and Ramos, 1983;Pörn et al, 1993;. As shown in Table 2, the rate of cholesterol desorption was similar for racemic and d-erythro-N-18: 1-SM monolayers, whereas cholesterol desorption from d-erythro-N-16:0-SM monolayers was significantly lower than cholesterol desorption from the corresponding racemic N-16:0-SM.…”

Section: Cholesterol Desorption From Mixed Monolayersmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sphingomyelin is highly enriched in the plasma membrane compartment, as is cholesterol (Lange et al, 1989;Lange and Ramos, 1983). It is also likely that sphingomyelin and cholesterol colocalize in the membrane, because cholesterol has been shown to prefer to interact with sphingomyelin in cell membranes (Ohvo et al, 1997;Pörn et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the Biophysical Properties of Racemic and d-Erythro-N-Acyl Sphingomyelins

Ramstedt

Slotte

1999

Biophysical Journal

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In this study stereochemically pure d-erythro-sphingomyelins (SMs) with either 16:0 or 18:1(cisDelta9) as the N-linked acyl-chain were synthesized. Our purpose was to examine the properties of these sphingomyelins and acyl-chain matched racemic (d-erythro/l-threo) sphingomyelins in model membranes. Liquid-expanded d-erythro-N-16:0-SM in monolayers was observed to pack more densely than the corresponding racemic sphingomyelin. Cholesterol desorption to beta-cyclodextrin was significantly slower from d-erythro-N-16:0-SM monolayers than from racemic N-16:0-SM monolayers. Significantly more condensed domains were seen in cholesterol/d-erythro-N-16:0-SM monolayers than in the corresponding racemic mixed monolayers, when [7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl]phosphatidylcholine was used as a probe in monolayer fluorescence microscopy. With monolayers of N-18:1-SMs, both the lateral packing densities (sphingomyelin monolayers) and the rates of cholesterol desorption (mixed cholesterol/sphingomyelin monolayers) was found to be similar for d-erythro and racemic sphingomyelins. The phase transition temperature and enthalpy of d-erythro-N-16:0-SM in bilayer membranes were slightly higher compared with the corresponding racemic sphingomyelin (41.1 degrees C and 8.4 +/- 0.4 kJ/mol, and 39.9 degrees C and 7.2 +/- 0.2 kJ/mol, respectively). Finally, d-erythro-sphingomyelins in monolayers (both N-16:0 and N-18:1 species) were not as easily degraded at 37 degrees C by sphingomyelinase (Staphylococcus aureus) as the corresponding racemic sphingomyelins. We conclude that racemic sphingomyelins differ significantly in their biophysical properties from the physiologically relevant d-erythro sphingomyelins.

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Section: Cholesterol Desorption From Mixed Monolayersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Biophysical Properties of Racemic and d-Erythro-N-Acyl Sphingomyelins

Ramstedt

Slotte

1999

Biophysical Journal

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“…It is also thought to act as an antioxidant, and has been implicated in cell signaling processes associated with functional domains in the plasma membrane (Petrie et al, 2000;Papanikolaou et al, 2005). As much as 90% of total cholesterol is found in the plasma membrane (PM) (Lange and Ramos, 1983), and accounts for up to 45 mol% of the membrane's total lipid content (Yeagle, 1993) -it should be pointed out, however, that organelle membranes are almost devoid of it (Mouritsen, 2005). Since its discovery in 1769 by F.P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol's location in lipid bilayers

Marquardt

Kučerka

Wassall

et al. 2016

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids

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It is well known that cholesterol modifies the physical properties of lipid bilayers. For example, the much studied liquid-ordered Lo phase contains rapidly diffusing lipids with their acyl chains in the all trans configuration, similar to gel phase bilayers. Moreover, the Lo phase is commonly associated with cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts, which are thought to serve as platforms for signaling proteins in the plasma membrane. Cholesterol's location in lipid bilayers has been studied extensively, and it has been shown - at least in some bilayers - to align differently from its canonical upright orientation, where its hydroxyl group is in the vicinity of the lipid-water interface. In this article we review recent works describing cholesterol's location in different model membrane systems with emphasis on results obtained from scattering, spectroscopic and molecular dynamics studies.

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“…C holesterol is the most abundant sterol in mammalian cells and an essential component of cell membranes. The major pool of membrane cholesterol is present at the plasma membrane (Coleman and Finean 1966;Pfleger et al 1968;DeGrella and Simoni 1982;Lange and Ramos 1983;Lange et al 1989;Warnock et al 1993). It is required for the formation of clathrin-coated pits (Rodal et al 1999) and for the structure and function of caveolae (Rothberg et al 1992;Parton et al 1994;Schnitzer et al 1994;Hailstones et al 1998;Ikonen and Parton 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoelectron Microscopic Localization of Cholesterol Using Biotinylated and Non-cytolytic Perfringolysin O

Möbius

Ohno‐Iwashita

Donselaar

et al. 2002

J Histochem Cytochem.

260

185

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We used a proteolytically modified and biotinylated derivative of the cholesterol-binding Theta-toxin (perfringolysin O) to localize cholesterol-rich membranes in cryosections of cultured human lymphoblastoid cells (RN) by electron microscopy. We developed a fixation and immunolabeling procedure to improve the preservation of membranes and minimize the extraction and dislocalization of cholesterol on thin sections. We also labeled the surface of living cells and applied high-pressure freezing and subsequent fixation of cryosections during thawing. Cholesterol labeling was found at the plasma membrane, with strongest labeling on filopodium-like processes. Strong labeling was also associated with internal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and similar vesicles at the cell surface after secretion (exosomes). Tubulovesicular elements in close vicinity of endosomes and the Golgi complex were often positive as well, but the surrounding membrane of MVBs and the Golgi cisternae appeared mostly negative. Treatment of cells with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin completely abolished the labeling for cholesterol. Our results show that the Theta-toxin derivative, when used in combination with improved fixation and high-pressure freezing, represents a useful tool for the localization of membrane cholesterol in ultrathin cryosections.

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Analysis of the distribution of cholesterol in the intact cell.

Cited by 230 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison of the Biophysical Properties of Racemic and d-Erythro-N-Acyl Sphingomyelins

Comparison of the Biophysical Properties of Racemic and d-Erythro-N-Acyl Sphingomyelins

Cholesterol's location in lipid bilayers

Immunoelectron Microscopic Localization of Cholesterol Using Biotinylated and Non-cytolytic Perfringolysin O

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