Analysis of the Deposit Layer from Electrolyte Side Reaction on the Anode of the Pouch Type Lithium Ion Polymer Batteries: The Effect of State of Charge and Charge Rate

Agubra, Victor; Fergus, Jeffrey W.; Fu, Rujian; Choe, Song-Yul

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.076

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…These values are comparable to findings by other groups. 37,43,45 The sum of the thicknesses of all deposit layers on the 34 anode sheets agrees with the observed overall thickness increase of the cell. Regarding the irreversible thickness changes from cycle number 362 to 396, the mean value across the measurement area was found to be 1.0911 mm which translates into a relative thickness increase of 17% for the whole cell.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…These measurements were gained from an accelerated aging cycle (4 C) involving 600 cycles applied to a NMC/graphite pouch cell which was analyzed by means of a destructive post-mortem method. In another work of Agubra et al, 43 the same cell was subjected to 600 cycles at different current rates (2 C, 3 C, 4 C) and the irreversible thickness change was determined to range from 1 μm to 37 μm for 2 C and from 27 μm to 56 μm for 4 C. This supports the assumption that higher charging rates result in a stronger formation of deposit layers at the anode. 44 Burow et al 45 analyzed the formation of plated lithium for the same cell chemistry in a prismatic cell format.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

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Non-Destructive Detection of Local Aging in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells by Multi-Directional Laser Scanning

Sturm

Spingler

Rieger

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Understanding the mechanical activity of lithium-ion cells during cycling and its connection with aging phenomena is essential to improve cell design and operation strategies. Previous studies of lithium-ion pouch cells [B. Rieger et al., Journal of Energy Storage, 8, 1 (2016)] have shown non-uniform swelling with local displacement overshoots during charging. In this experimental work, a novel three-dimensional laser scanning method is used to investigate local reversible and irreversible thickness changes of six commercial LiCoO 2 /graphite cells during a cyclic aging experiment. Three cycle scenarios were included and two cells each were exposed to a specific temperature and charging rate. The cells showing local displacement overshoots also exhibit non-uniform distributions of irreversible thickness change. Post-mortem analysis showed largely inhomogenously degraded surfaces of the single anode layers. It is shown that the cells' irreversible thickness change correlates with capacity fade and internal resistance increase monitored via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Lithium-ion batteries have become the most promising energy storage technology for small electronic devices such as smartphones or laptops as well as for battery packs in electric vehicles. Although their relatively high density in power and energy make Li-ion batteries the technology of choice for many applications, its aging and degradation behavior likewise limits their use in applications that require extreme safety standards and cycle life.2 In order to quantify the decay of batteries, the state of health (SOH) 3 is used which refers to the capacity fade by relating the current capacity of the cell to its initial capacity. This relation can be seen as an overall concept introducing a measurable quantity of aging effects occurring during battery lifetime.Detecting the cell's SOH by measuring external stress and strain on the surface of the cell's housing 2,4 is a recent method based on the mechanical behavior of Li-ion batteries in form of volume change effects during charge and discharge processes. These are largely caused by electrode swelling, 5-8 polymer deformation 5,9 and film growth. 10,11Estimating the cell's SOH by a single point measurement implies a homogeneous stress and strain distribution over the housing of the cell. Hence, the utilization of the cell would need to be homogeneous. Local variations in current density and electrode potential occurring during cell operation along the current collector foils 12-15 object this assumption. Considering an inhomogeneous utilization of the electrodes described by local variations in state of charge (SOC), 15 an overall estimation of SOH seems inappropriate to gain a deeper understanding of aging mechanisms occurring in commercial Li-ion cells. Consequently, there is a need for local detection of aging mechanisms to account for design specific inhomogeneous load across the cell.As already presented in previous work, 1 extending the measurement of strain or stress to a local re...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

supporting

confidence: 61%

Non-Destructive Detection of Local Aging in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells by Multi-Directional Laser Scanning

Sturm

Spingler

Rieger

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The SEI thickness, L SEI , is derived from the SEI capacity, as given by Equation ( 11) and (12). The overpotential, η SEI , driving the reduction reaction at the interphase is calculated as η SEI = Φ ne À Φ eq;SEI (18) with Φ eq;SEI being the reaction equilibrium potential, which we assume to be a constant value of 0.8 V, which is commonly chosen in literature. [36,62] Further losses due to ohmic and ionic resistances are neglected and the potential is assumed to be constant within the electrode, which is justified by the low currents applied during formation.…”

Section: Growth Model-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,3,7] The composition and morphology of the SEI are influenced by many factors, such as electrolyte composition, [8][9][10] anode material composition, [11,12] electrode structure, [13] temperature, [14][15][16] and the applied formation protocol. [17][18][19] Understanding these manifold influencing factors and establishing predictive models are important to optimize the cell formation process. To build a growth model for cell formation, the growthlimiting mechanisms need to be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Growth During Cell Formation Based on Differential Voltage Analysis

et al. 2022

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The solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium‐ion batteries is mainly built during cell formation. The SEI significantly influences safety, aging, and performance. Due to the manifold influential factors, it is time‐consuming to systematically optimize the cell formation. Herein, a novel procedure to characterize the SEI growth during the first cycle of formation with low experimental effort is introduced. Coin cells in a three‐electrode setup are tested under pseudo‐open‐circuit conditions. By evaluating the differential voltage, the capacity loss due to SEI formation during the first cycle is estimated. The identification of the SEI growth curve is carried out using various methods, which are compared in detail. The approach is exemplary applied to compare different electrolytes. It is shown that the approach can be used to parameterize SEI growth models. An analysis of these models indicates that the SEI growth can be explained by a combination of two growth mechanisms, that is, interstitial diffusion and electron tunneling, while the latter is dominant in the beginning of the formation. Further, based on the results it is suggested that the transition between these mechanisms is influenced by the electrolyte.

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“…If cell disassembly is performed, the procedure needs to take place in a glove box purged with an inert gas (often argon) with a low water vapor and oxygen environment (<5 ppm of each) [21]. Once the cell is disassembled, researchers have utilized analytical techniques including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectometry (TOF-SIMS) [30], scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [30,31], transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [32], X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [30,33,34,38], X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) [35], atomic force microscopy (AFM) [38], Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy [34,36], and Raman spectroscopy [37] to study the thickness, morphology, and composition of the SEI layer. Despite the numerous measurement techniques, additional research into the SEI layer is necessary, especially if a realistic SEI growth model is desired.…”

Section: Anode Active Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) of lithium-ion batteries

Hendricks

Williard

Mathew

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

261

135

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h i g h l i g h t sWe develop a failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis of Li-ion batteries. The FMMEA approach provides a detailed framework for Li-ion reliability assessment. We review the state of physics-based models for failure of Li-ion batteries. We identify critical failure mechanisms and highlight areas for model improvements. a b s t r a c tLithium-ion batteries are popular energy storage devices for a wide variety of applications. As batteries have transitioned from being used in portable electronics to being used in longer lifetime and more safety-critical applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and aircraft, the cost of failure has become more significant both in terms of liability as well as the cost of replacement. Failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) provides a rigorous framework to define the ways in which lithium-ion batteries can fail, how failures can be detected, what processes cause the failures, and how to model failures for failure prediction. This enables a physics-of-failure (PoF) approach to battery life prediction that takes into account life cycle conditions, multiple failure mechanisms, and their effects on battery health and safety. This paper presents an FMMEA of battery failure and describes how this process enables improved battery failure mitigation control strategies.

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Analysis of the Deposit Layer from Electrolyte Side Reaction on the Anode of the Pouch Type Lithium Ion Polymer Batteries: The Effect of State of Charge and Charge Rate

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Non-Destructive Detection of Local Aging in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells by Multi-Directional Laser Scanning

Non-Destructive Detection of Local Aging in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells by Multi-Directional Laser Scanning

Characterization of the Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Growth During Cell Formation Based on Differential Voltage Analysis

A failure modes, mechanisms, and effects analysis (FMMEA) of lithium-ion batteries

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