Analysis of the cytokine profile in spleen cells from dogs naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi

Lage, R.S.; Oliveira, Guilherme; Busek, S.U.; Guerra, Luanda Liboreiro; Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Corrêa-Oliveira, Rodrigo; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.10.001

Cited by 86 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Similar results, regarding the levels observed in the spleen, were also reported by Lage et al (2007). Lack of difference for this cytokine in dogs naturally infected with (L.) infantum, whether asymptomatic or not, was also observed in the peripheral blood by other authors (Manna et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Similar results were observed in a study involving oligosymptomatic dogs experimentally infected with L. (L.) infantum, in which the level of IL-4 in the spleen was higher than that from non-infected dogs (Strauss-Ayali et al, 2007). Additionally, levels of IL-4 in dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi were shown to be higher than those of non-infected dogs (Lage et al, 2007). Compared to the levels verified in healthy canines, the increased level of IL-4 observed in the spleen of infected dogs indicates that this cytokine plays a key role in this infectious process.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…This can be explained by the ability of the spleen to express high levels of this cytokine, as TNF-a mediation is required for spleen tissue remolding when the parasite persists in this organ, as seen in mice infected with L. (L.) donovani (Engwerda et al, 1998). These results are similar to those reported by Lage et al (2007) in which no difference in the level of TNF-a in spleen cells was observed between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Studies conducted on BALB/c mice infected with L. (L.) donovani (Mukherjee et al, 2003;Rolão et al, 2007) showed that the levels of this cytokine in the liver were higher than those verified in the spleen during the course of infection. The production of IL-10 and TGF-b was also observed in the liver and spleen of asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs infected with L. (L.) chagasi Lage et al, 2007), In addition, the level of IL-10 in the liver of asymptomatic dogs showed a positive linear correlation with the level of parasite load in this organ. This suggests that IL-10 in the liver may be participating in the regulatory process that increases the parasite load and thus interferes with the evolution of the infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Michelin

Perri

Lima

2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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Dogs are the main domestic reservoirs of L. (L.) chagasi. Once in the vertebrate host, the parasite can cause visceral leishmaniasis, which can also be transmitted to humans. Cytokines are key elements of the host immune response against Leishmania spp. To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 are associated with pattern infection in dogs, these cytokines were quantified in the spleen and liver of dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi, with or without clinical manifestations, and their levels were correlated with the parasite load verified in these organs. A total of 40 adult dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi were assessed, together with 12 uninfected control dogs. Samples from spleen and liver were used to determine the cytokine levels by capture ELISA and for quantifying parasite load by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using the minimum Chi square method and group means were compared using the Tukey test. TNF-a, IL-4 and IL-10 levels in infected dogs were higher than in control groups; the liver was the main cytokine-producing organ during infection. The level of splenic TNF-a showed correlation with parasite load and may represent an important marker for infection process evolution, with the participation of IL-10. These results may contribute to a clearer understanding of the immune response in dogs infected with L. (L.) chagasi, which may lead to the development of prophylactic or preventive measures for these animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Michelin

Perri

Lima

2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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“…Contudo, a resposta mediada por Th2 desenvolve uma resposta predominantemente humoral com exacerbação dos sinais clínicos da infecção, associada a uma produção de IL-4 que suprime a resposta de Th1 (Brachelente et al, 2005;Barbieri, 2006 (Lage et al, 2007;Anderson et al, 2007;Alves et al, 2009;Menezes-souza et al, 2011).…”

Section: Estudo Das Citocinas Nas Formas Tegumentar E Visceral Da Leiunclassified

Leishmaniosis: an approach about the immunoglobulins and cytokines involved in infection and vaccination

Carneiro

Nunes-Pinheiro

2013

AVB

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RESUMO:Objetivou-se revisar os principais trabalhos científicos, discutindo a participação das imunoglobulinas e as citocinas detectadas nas leishmanioses caninas (LCs) e na vacinação de cães sadios. Nas leishmanioses a resposta imune protetora é regulada por células Th1 e Th17, sendo INF-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-6 e TGF-β, as citocinas características, com consequente aumento na produção de IgG2. Por outro lado, a resposta imune mediada por Th2 e Treg, apresenta padrão de citocinas associadas a IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 e IL-10, as quais inibem a resposta de Th1, aumentando a produção de IgG1, IgA e IgE e o desenvolvimento sintomático de uma severa doença. O perfil de anticorpos associados à produção de IgG1 e IgG2 ainda é conflitante entre os pesquisadores. Sendo assim, a interpretação das imunoglobulinas não poderá funcionar como marcador, quer seja no diagnóstico quer seja no tratamento de animais doentes. A vacinação surgiu como nova estratégia de controle das LCs. As formulações vacinais de primeira e terceira gerações são capazes de induzir uma resposta mediada tanto por INF-γ quanto IL-4, enquanto as de segunda geração são caracterizadas pelo aumento da produção de INF-γ e NO. Nestas situações, há aumento na capacidade de resposta imune celular e na produção de anticorpos. Ressalta-se que antígenos vacinais disponíveis não são capazes de desencadear uma resposta satisfatória mediada por linfócitos T CD4 + de memória. Pode-se concluir que as imunoglobulinas e as citocinas podem ser utilizadas como marcadores das LCs e do efeito vacinal, contudo seu uso na clínica deve ser resguardado.Palavras-chave: leishmanioses canina; biomarcadores; vacinas. ABSTRACT:It was aimed to review the main scientific work, discussing the participation of immunoglobulins and cytokines detected in canine leishmaniosis (CLs) and in the vaccination of healthy dogs. In the leishmaniosis the protective immune response is regulated by Th1 and Th17 cells, being INF-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, IL-6 and TGF-β, the cytokines features, with a consequent increase in the production of IgG2. Moreover, the immune response mediated by Th2 and Treg presents pattern associated of cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-10, which inhibit Th1 response, increasing the production of IgG1, IgA and IgE and development of severe symptomatic disease. The antibody profile associated with the production of IgG1 and IgG2 is still conflict among researchers. As such, the interpretation of immunoglobulins can not function as marker, either in the diagnosis whether the treatment of sick animals. Vaccination has emerged as a new control strategy of CLs. The vaccine formulations of the first and third generations are capable of inducing a response mediated both for IFN-γ as IL-4, while the second generation are characterized by the increased production of IFN-γ and NO. In these situations, there is an increase in the capacity of cellular immune response and the production of antibodies. It is highlighted that available vaccine antigens are not able t...

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Feasibility of Therapeutic Vaccine for the Management and Control of VL

Yadav,

Gupta,

Sahasrabuddhe

et al. 2023

Challenges and Solutions Against Visceral Leishmaniasis

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Analysis of the cytokine profile in spleen cells from dogs naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi

Cited by 86 publications

References 44 publications

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Evaluation of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 and parasite density in spleen and liver ofL. (L.) chagasinaturally infected dogs

Leishmaniosis: an approach about the immunoglobulins and cytokines involved in infection and vaccination

Feasibility of Therapeutic Vaccine for the Management and Control of VL

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