Analysis of the correlation between horizontal wind and 11-year solar activity over Langfang, China

Cai, Bing; Xu, Qingchen; Hu, Xiong; Cheng, Xuan; Yang, Jin Min; Li, Wen

doi:10.26464/epp2021029

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The radar operates at a frequency of 1.99 MHz with a spatial resolution of 2 km and a temporal resolution of 4 min and operates continuously for 24 h. The radar has a pulse repetition rate of 80 Hz and a coherent accumulation of 32 at daytime, and a pulse repetition rate of 40 Hz and a coherent accumulation of 16 at night. A lot of data have been gathered with this radar [12,13], and we use radar data from July 2019 to June 2020.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Period Variation of the Activity of Atmospheric Turbulence in the MLT Region over Langfang

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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In this paper, we investigate the activity of atmospheric turbulence in the MLT region and the relationship between the activity of atmospheric turbulence and atmospheric wave activity. We use data from the Langfang MF radar (39.4∘N, 116.7∘E) from July 2019 to June 2020 and NRLMSIS 2.0 to calculate the parameters of atmospheric wave activity and atmospheric turbulence energy dissipation rate (ε). Atmospheric ε is modulated by different periods at different altitudes, and while there are 12 h and 24 h periods at all altitudes, the main period is different at different altitudes. A comparison of the ε with atmospheric tide activity shows that tides have an effect on ε, and the influence of tides on ε may be different at different altitudes. The pattern of variation in ε is similar to that of the atmospheric activity of the gravity wave, with both ε and the atmospheric activity of the gravity wave showing significant semi-annual variation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Period Variation of the Activity of Atmospheric Turbulence in the MLT Region over Langfang

Wang

Xiao

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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“…However, as noted by Cai et al. (2021), results from such studies vary by location and time period used. Karlsson and Kuilman (2018) investigated the influence of the solar cycle on the middle atmosphere residual circulation near the solstices in CMAM30 (the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model for 1979–2009) and proposed a mechanism wherein at high solar activity, the residual circulation was strengthened due to the influences of enhanced heating affecting temperature gradients and the filtering of gravity waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, such studies are often limited by the relatively small number of reliable observational data sets available of long enough duration. Despite this difficulty, some observational studies have explored the possible influence of the solar cycle on the winds in the MLT region (e.g., Bremer et al, 1997;Cai et al, 2021;Greisiger et al, 1987;Jacobi et al, 1997;Jaen et al, 2023;Middleton et al, 2002;Wilhelm et al, 2019). However, as noted by Cai et al (2021), results from such studies vary by location and time period used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this difficulty, some observational studies have explored the possible influence of the solar cycle on the winds in the MLT region (e.g., Bremer et al, 1997;Cai et al, 2021;Greisiger et al, 1987;Jacobi et al, 1997;Jaen et al, 2023;Middleton et al, 2002;Wilhelm et al, 2019). However, as noted by Cai et al (2021), results from such studies vary by location and time period used. Karlsson and Kuilman (2018) investigated the influence of the solar cycle on the middle atmosphere residual circulation near the solstices in CMAM30 (the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model for 1979Model for -2009 and proposed a mechanism wherein at high solar activity, the residual circulation was strengthened due to the influences of enhanced heating affecting temperature gradients and the filtering of gravity waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interannual Variability of Winds in the Antarctic Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over Rothera (67°S, 68°W) During 2005–2021 in Meteor Radar Observations and WACCM‐X

Noble,

Hindley,

Wright

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) plays a critical role in linking the middle and upper atmosphere. However, many General Circulation Models do not model the MLT and those that do remain poorly constrained. We use long‐term meteor radar observations (2005–2021) from Rothera (67°S, 68°W) on the Antarctic Peninsula to evaluate the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere‐ionosphere eXtension (WACCM‐X) and investigate interannual variability. We find some significant differences between WACCM‐X and observations. In particular, at upper heights, observations reveal eastwards wintertime (April–September) winds, whereas the model predicts westwards winds. In summer (October–March), the observed winds are northwards but predictions are southwards. Both the model and observations reveal significant interannual variability. We characterize the trend and the correlation between the winds and key phenomena: (a) the 11‐year solar cycle, (b) El Niño Southern Oscillation, (c) Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation and (d) Southern Annular Mode using a linear regression method. Observations of the zonal wind show significant changes with time. The summertime westwards wind near 80 km is weakening by up to 4–5 ms−1 per decade, whilst the eastward wintertime winds around 85–95 km are strengthening at by around 7 ms−1 per decade. We find that at some times of year there are significant correlations between the phenomena and the observed/modeled winds. The significance of this work lies in quantifying the biases in a leading General Circulation Model and demonstrating notable interannual variability in both modeled and observed winds.

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“…Apart from the temperature, the horizontal winds in the MLT/mesopause region depends on the solar activity (Bremer et al, 1997;Greisiger et al, 1987). The zonal and meridional winds can be positively correlated (based on season) with the SC in response to changes in thermal and dynamical structures of the stratosphere that impact the upward propagating GWs and thereby the MLT winds (e.g., Cai et al, 2021). Cullens et al (2016) simulated the responses of GWs, and wave-driven circulations to the SC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Variability and Tendencies in Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Winds From Meteor Radar Observations Over Esrange (67.9°N, 21.1°E)

Ramesh,

Mitchell,

Hindley

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Long‐term variabilities of monthly zonal (U) and meridional winds (V) in northern polar mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT, ∼80–100 km) are investigated using meteor radar observations during 1999–2022 over Esrange (67.9°N, 21.1°E). The summer (June‐August) mean zonal winds are characterized by westward flow up to ∼88–90 km and eastward flow above this height. The summer mean meridional winds are equatorward with strong jet at ∼85–90 km and it weakens above this height. The U and V exhibit strong interannual variability that varies with altitude and month or season. The responses of U and V anomalies (from 1999 to 2003) to solar cycle (SC), Quasi Biennial Oscillation at 10 and 30 hPa, El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, ozone (O3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are analyzed using multiple linear regression. From analysis, significant regions of correlations between MLT winds and above potential drivers vary with altitude and month. The positive responses of U and V to SC (up to 15 m/s/100 sfu) indicates the strengthening of eastward winds in mid‐late winter, and poleward winds in late autumn and early winter. The O3 likely intensifies the eastward and poleward winds (∼100 m/s/ppmv) in winter and early spring. The CO2 significantly influence the eastward flow in late winter and summer (above ∼90–95 km) and strengthen the meridional circulation. The significant positive trend in U peaks in summer, late autumn and early winter (∼0.6 m/s/year), the negative trend in V is more prominent in summer above ∼90–95 km.

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Analysis of the correlation between horizontal wind and 11-year solar activity over Langfang, China

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Short-Period Variation of the Activity of Atmospheric Turbulence in the MLT Region over Langfang

Short-Period Variation of the Activity of Atmospheric Turbulence in the MLT Region over Langfang

Interannual Variability of Winds in the Antarctic Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over Rothera (67°S, 68°W) During 2005–2021 in Meteor Radar Observations and WACCM‐X

Long‐Term Variability and Tendencies in Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Winds From Meteor Radar Observations Over Esrange (67.9°N, 21.1°E)

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