Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL1B ( -511, + 3954), IL1A ( -889, + 4845), and the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) polymorphism in the IL-1RN gene with chronic periodontitis susceptibility and to analyze gene-gene interactions in a hospital-based sample population from South India. Subjects and Methods: A total of 400 individuals were recruited for this study; 200 individuals with healthy gingiva and 200 chronic periodontitis patients. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples and genotyping was performed for the above-mentioned single nucleotide and VNTR polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing, and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: A higher proportion of the variant alleles were observed in the chronic periodontitis group for all the SNPs examined. The SNP at + 3954 (C > T) in the IL1B gene was found to be significantly associated with chronic periodontitis ( p = 0.007). VNTR genotypes (v 2 value: 5.163, df = 1, p = 0.023) and alleles (v 2 value: 6.818, df = 1, p = 0.009) were found to have a significant association with chronic periodontitis susceptibility. Conclusion: In the study population examined, the SNP in the IL1B gene ( + 3954) and VNTR polymorphisms in the IL1RN gene were found to have a significant association with chronic periodontitis susceptibility.