Analysis of the 3D draping behavior of carbon fiber non-crimp fabrics with eddy current technique

Bardl, Georg; Nocke, Andreas; Hübner, Matthias; Gereke, Thomas; Pooch, Matthias; Schulze, Martin; Heuer, Henning; Schiller, Marko; Kupke, Richard; Klein, Marcus; Cherif, Chokri

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.08.007

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The weight of the blank holder imposes a uniform pressure, nonetheless, the further pressure can cause loss of cohesion. 11,39 For the test, there are two components; the movable double-dome punch and the lower fixed assembly. The double dome punch can be moved with a defined velocity in relation to the lower assembly by adjusting the universal testing machine.…”

Section: Methods and Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and analysis of wrinkling behavior of glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics based on double-dome draping geometry

Habboush

Sanbhal

Shao

et al. 2020

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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The good formability of textile composite materials over complex mold geometries is one of the reasons to make their use expanding in various modern industries. However, different defects in these reinforcements could have occurred during the forming step in the manufacturing process. The defects are arising for many reasons; some are related to the fabric itself and others related to the draping parameters. Understanding the textile structure mechanics and draping behavior is essential to choose the proper reinforcement as well as to attain better simulation. Fabric wrinkles and local out-of-plane bucking of yarns were the fundamental defects in focus. The main objective of this part of the project was to experimentally investigate and compare the draping behavior of six commercially available glass fabrics from the same category of warp-knitted non-crimp fabrics (WKNCFs). The tested fabrics included two stitching patterns: tricot and chain. Also, they were relatively heavy with approximate mass per square meter. A double-dome punching test was performed to implement draping for each fabric; then, the defects were detected and characterized. Punching load-displacement curves were also recorded. In addition, a defect code was designated for the main defects to characterize forming defects at the meso-macroscopic scale. The structure and the number of fabric axes, stacking sequence, and stitching pattern all contribute to defect formation during draping. The studied configurations in this paper can help in studying the simulation of deformed technical fabric and provide a method to minimize and even eliminate the draping defects.

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Section: Methods and Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and analysis of wrinkling behavior of glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics based on double-dome draping geometry

Habboush

Sanbhal

Shao

et al. 2020

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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“…The hemispherical shape is widely used to perform draping analysis for all materials [ 55 , 56 ] but especially for textile reinforcements of composites [ 12 , 44 , 57 ]. It is simple in shape but clearly double curved and requires large plane shear deformations for its shape to be achieved [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. This forming process leads to angles between warp and weft yarns, which evolve with the position between 0° and 45° ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Forming Process Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile Composite Damage Analysis Taking into Account the Forming Process

et al. 2020

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The internal structure of composite materials is modified during manufacturing. The formation of woven prepregs or dry preforms changes the angle between the warp and weft yarns. The damage behaviour of the consolidated composite is modified by these changes of angle. It is important when designing a composite part to consider this modification when calculating the damage in order to achieve a correct dimensioning. In this paper, a damage calculation approach of the consolidated textile composite that takes into account the change in orientation of the yarns due to forming is proposed. The angles after forming are determined by a simulation of the draping based on a hypoelastic behaviour of the woven fabric reinforcement. Two orthogonal frames based on the warp and weft directions of the textile reinforcement are used for the objective integration of stresses. Damage analysis of the cured woven composite with non-perpendicular warp and weft directions is achieved by replacing it with two equivalent Unidirectional (UD) plies representing the yarn directions. For each ply, a model based on Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) describes the progressive damage. Two examples are presented, a bias extension specimen and the hemispherical forming coupon. In both cases, the angles between the warp and weft yarns are changed. It is shown that the damage calculated by taking into account these angle changes is greatly modified.

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“…There are commercially available solutions [33] especially designed for the non-contact and continuous testing of carbon fibre rovings. The testing system utilizes the electrical conductivity of the carbon fibres to gain information such uniformity of the carbon fibre tow or yarn [34]. However, the present study presents significant differences, since it consists on the condition monitoring of the CFRP in operation, and the fibres are covered by a polymeric coating of about 1 mm thickness, increasing the EC probe lift-off.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless high-speed eddy current inspection of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer

Machado

Antin

Rosado

et al. 2019

Composites Part B: Engineering

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This paper presents the development and the results of a customized eddy current (EC) nondestructive testing (NDT) system for highly demanding online inspection conditions. Several planar eddy current array probes were designed, numerically simulated and experimentally compared for the inspection of low conductivity unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) ropes. The inspections were performed using a dedicated scanner device at 4 m/s with 3 mm probe lift-off where defects under 1 mm were detected with an excellent SNR. Different defect morphologies and sizes, such as broken fibres and lateral cuts, were successful detected and compared to conventional probes.

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Analysis of the 3D draping behavior of carbon fiber non-crimp fabrics with eddy current technique

Cited by 37 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization and analysis of wrinkling behavior of glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics based on double-dome draping geometry

Characterization and analysis of wrinkling behavior of glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics based on double-dome draping geometry

Textile Composite Damage Analysis Taking into Account the Forming Process

Contactless high-speed eddy current inspection of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer

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