Analysis of temporal hydrochemical and isotopic variations in spring waters of Eastern Peloponnesus (Greece)

Matiatos, Ioannis; Αλεξόπουλος, Α.

doi:10.12681/bgsg.11111

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As illustrated in Fig. 5, several meteoric water lines are drawn which are diverged from the GMWL such as the Hellenic Meteoric Water Line given by the equation [49][50][51],…”

Section: Methodology Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Environmental Stable Isotopes in Precipitates and Groundwaters in Atalanti Coastal Watershed (Central Greece)

Ioannis¹,

Kallioras²

2019

JESPR

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The results of a groundwater-meteoric isotopic research programme held during the period 2014-2017 in the area of Atalanti coastal area, Central Greece are presented in this essay. Thirty-six groundwater samples and twenty-seven rainwater samples from improvised rain collectors were collected during the period 10/2014-04/2015 and 10/2016-05/2017 respectively, analyzed in the laboratory of Isotope Hydrology of the University of Darmstadt in Germany for oxygen isotopes δ 18 O and Deuterium (δ 2 H or D). Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes were mainly collected in different hydrological conditions (peak precipitation amount in April, drought in October) at increasing distance from the source and at different altitude, from the upper part of the catchment to the lowest part nearby the coastline. These stable isotopes were employed as natural tracers to determine and identify the main recharge areas of the Atalanti drainage basin. Isotopic values (δ 18 Ο and D) were then defined in order to identify the groundwater flow path and groundwater residence time inside various geological-lithological formations. From the δ 18 O spatial distribution, the alluvial aquifer seems to be recharging from higher altitudes, through direct infiltration of modern precipitation and possibly laterally from the adjacent geological formations. These potential recharge areas were delineated by combining the isotopic and geological properties of the entire area with the contribution of GIS techniques. The precipitation's isotopic characteristics indicated that wet seasons were relatively depleted compared to dry seasons due to the rainfall amount showing also a significant shift of both the slope and the d-excess (intercept) in the meteoric local water line (LMWL) compared with others such as the world meteoric, Hellenic and Eastern water lines as a result of the enrichment of heavier isotopes probably attributed to evaporation both during the rainfall and surface runoff before infiltration. Elevated d-excess values were observed, probably due to water vapour originating from the Aegean or the mid-eastern Mediterranean. The distance of the station from the shoreline and the altitude were the main factors imprinted in the isotopic signature of precipitation. Inferred groundwater recharge elevations, estimated on the basis of the local vertical isotopic gradient of δ 18 O ranged between 150 and 750 m a.s.l. Statistics including both linear and multivariate regression analysis was applied to the isotopic data in precipitation and groundwater samples to determine the local meteoric and groundwater water line. The measured stable isotope ratios range from -9.70‰ to -5.67‰ and -52.78‰ to -38.44‰ for δ18O and δD, respectively. Isotopic maps and cross-sections were drawn to visualize spatial gradients which reflected the evolution of the water composition at progressive distance from the source. Finally, the secondary processes seemed to be a major factor affecting the initial isotopic signature since they were related to the specific geological and...

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“…As illustrated in Fig. 5, several meteoric water lines are drawn which are diverged from the GMWL such as the Hellenic Meteoric Water Line given by the equation [49][50][51],…”

Section: Methodology Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Environmental Stable Isotopes in Precipitates and Groundwaters in Atalanti Coastal Watershed (Central Greece)

Ioannis¹,

Kallioras²

2019

JESPR

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“…The only exception to this is the Lentas spring water in 1915, which was indicated as Na-HCO 3 -Cl type, a mixed type. The Mg-HCO 3 type includes the spring waters that mainly discharge the ophiolitic mélange, since minerals rich in magnesium are typical for this formation [25]. Water samples from post-orogenic basins showed they belonged to the Na-HCO 3 water type.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Characteristics Of the Borehole And Spring ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incipient Salinization: A Case Study of the Spring of Asclepieion in Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

Manoutsoglou,

Bei

2024

Geosciences

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Sanctuaries devoted to Asclepius were established and operated for almost a thousand years in various Greek and Roman cities throughout the Mediterranean region. The Asclepieion sanctuary in Lentas (formerly known as Ancient Lebena) in Crete was famous for receiving water from a sacred spring. In Ancient Lebena, Levinaion was a famous centre for hydrotherapy, physiotherapy, and a psychiatric hospital. In the present paper, we aim to assess the hydrochemical status of this sacred spring that holds a prominent position in archaeological and historical studies. The main objectives of this study are: Initially, to present supervisory evidence (archaeological, geological, hydrochemical) of an area that was a water resource management model for many centuries, carrying out therapeutic work. The second objective is to present and compare hydrochemical data in the last century, i.e., from 1915 to 2021. The third objective is to highlight and warn of an incipient saltwater intrusion in the area along the Lentas coast. The fourth objective is to propose an alternative and sustainable form of water resources management in the region that requires the study and rational utilization of the sporadic small water springs in the region. Our study focuses on a basic hydrochemical analysis of spring and borehole water in the remains of Levinaion in the Lentas region, and their comparison with sparse historical data of the sacred spring water, aiming to interpret the impact of the changes in the spring water resources that occurred in recent decades due to urban modernization. Our results highlight (i) visible fluctuations in chemical composition of borehole water samples; (ii) a neutral to alkaline pH in borehole waters and an alkaline pH in spring waters; (iii) undetectable arsenic in Lentas borehole water, unlike historical data of Lentas spring water; (iv) low values of dissolved radon in Lentas borehole water and the spring water of Kefalovrysa; and (v) a timeless constant and hypothermic nature of the water of both the sacred spring and borehole of Lentas, and also of the Kefalovrysa spring. The recorded historical data, i.e., from 1915 to 1957, due to the absence of substantial anthropogenic activity in the area, can be used as reference values (natural background levels, NBLs) for the Lentas area. Our findings emerge with the need to bring again the flowing spring water of the sacred spring of Lentas in its original form through sustainable management and re-discover its beneficial therapeutical effects.

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“…The only exception of this is the Lentas spring water in 1915, which was indicated as Na-HCO3-Cl type, a mixed type. The Mg-HCO3 type includes the spring waters that mainly discharge the ophiolitic mélange since minerals rich in magnesium are typical for this formation [25]. Water samples from post-orogenic basins showed they belonged to the Na-HCO3 water type.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Characteristics Of the Borehole And Spring ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Incipient Salinaziation: A Case Study in the Spring of Asclepieion of Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

Manoutsoglou,

Bei

2024

Preprint

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Sanctuaries devoted to Asclepius were established and operated for almost a thousand years in various Greek and Roman cities throughout the Mediterranean region. The Asclepieion sanctuary in Lenta (formerly known as Ancient Lebena) in Crete was famous for receiving water from a sacred spring. In the Ancient Lebena, Levinaion was a famous centre for hydrotherapy, physiotherapy and a psychiatric hospital. In the present paper, we aim to assess the hydrochemical status of this sacred spring that holds a prominent position in archaeological and historical studies. The main objectives of this study are: Initially, to present supervisory evidence (archaeological, geological, hydrochemical) of an area that was a water resource management model for many centuries, carrying out therapeutic work. The second objective is to present and compare hydrochemical data in the last century, i.e. from 1915 to 2021. The third objective is to highlight and warn of an incipient saltwater intrusion in the area along the Lentas coast. The fourth objective is to propose an alternative and sustainable form of water resources management in the region that requires the study and rational utilization of the sporadic small water springs in the region. Our study focuses on a basic hydrochemical analysis of spring and borehole water in the remains of Levinaion in the Lentas region and their comparison with spare historical data of the sacred spring water, aiming to interpret the impact of the changes in the spring water resources that occurred in the last decades due to urban modernization. Our results highlight (i) visible fluctuations in chemical composition of borehole water samples, (ii) a neutral to alkaline pH in borehole waters, and an alkaline pH in spring waters, (iii) un-detectable arsenic of Lentas borehole water, unlike historical data of Lentas spring water, (iv) low values of dissolved radon of Lentas borehole water and spring water of Kefalovrysa, and (v) a timeless constant and hypothermic nature of the water of both sacred spring and borehole of Lenta, but also of Kefalovrysa spring. The recorded historical data, i.e. from 1915 to 1957, due to the absence of substantial anthropogenic activity in the area, can be used as reference values (natural background levels, NBLs) for the Lentas area. Our findings emerge with the need to bring again the flowing spring water of the sacred spring of Lentas in its original form through sustainable management and re-discover its beneficial therapeutical effects.

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Analysis of temporal hydrochemical and isotopic variations in spring waters of Eastern Peloponnesus (Greece)

Abstract: The temporal variation of groundwater hydrochemistry has been used to support observations on the nature of groundwater circulation inside geological terrains of various lithological formations in Eastern Peloponnesus

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Environmental Stable Isotopes in Precipitates and Groundwaters in Atalanti Coastal Watershed (Central Greece)

Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Environmental Stable Isotopes in Precipitates and Groundwaters in Atalanti Coastal Watershed (Central Greece)

Incipient Salinization: A Case Study of the Spring of Asclepieion in Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

Incipient Salinaziation: A Case Study in the Spring of Asclepieion of Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

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