Analysis of team-sport wheelchair falls during the Rio 2016 Summer Paralympic Games: a video-based cross-sectional observational study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo present the fall characteristics of athletes playing wheelchair rugby (WR) and wheelchair basketball (WB) using official videos from the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games and compare the key fall characteristics among the team wheelchair sports event.MethodsEighteen WR and 10 WB game videos for men (MWB) and women (WWB), including 8 teams per sport, were obtained from the official International Paralympic Committee of the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games. The videos were analysed to assess the number of falls, playing time of fall, playing phase, contact with other athletes, the direction of the fall and the body part first in contact with the floor during the fall.ResultsIn total, 359 falls (96 for WR, 172 for MWB and 91 for WWB) occurred with a mean of 5.3, 17.2 and 9.1 falls per match, respectively (p<0.05). Significant differences among the three sports were detected in the playing time (p=0.011), presence of contact (p=0.037), direction (p<0.001) and body part first in contact with the floor (p<0.001). For WR, the falls were primarily lateral and caused by contact, occurring in the second half of the match. WB falls tended to be in the first half for women and the second half for men. Most falls were contact falls in the forward direction.ConclusionBy observing the situational details, we described that a number of falls due to contact occurred during these team sports events, especially MWB. In addition, each sport exhibited characteristics attributable to differences in gender, degree of impairment and game rules. The directions of the falls and characteristics of the affected body parts indicate differences in impairments depending on the sport. A fall to the side or back may indicate a risk of injury.

Sequential analysis of the construction of shots in wheelchair basketball and efficiency by player classification level

“…Currently, wheelchair basketball is one of the adapted sports studied by researchers from different fields such as: physiology (Antonelli et al, 2020;Barboza et al, 2019;Conners et al, 2020;Feter et al, 2018;Galea et al, 2018;Marzsalek et al, 2019;Peters et al, 2020), biomechanics (de Witte et al, 2016;Marjolaine et al, 2018;Sasadai et al, 2020;Zacharakis, 2020), medicine (Hollander et al 2020), motor skills (Maksym et al 2018;de Witte et al, 2018), psychology (Qasim et al, 2019;Yeats et al, 2019), or sociology (Molik et al, 2017).…”

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Depicted Muscle Injuries in Athletes Participating in the Rio De Janeiro 2016 Summer Paralympic Games

“…Descriptive epidemiological studies of all types of injuries (including fractures, contusion, abrasion, strain, sprain, etc…) affecting both Summer and Winter Paralympic athletes have been published [8,9,[19][20][21][22], however to the best of authors knowledge no prior study has specifically performed comprehensive analyses focusing on imaging-depicted muscle injuries, and thus no direct comparison with the data from our study is possible. In-depth analysis of fall injuries affecting Paralympic athletes playing wheelchair team sports was recently published [6], but our study did not include any muscle injuries occurring in athletes using wheelchairs.…”

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, a critical and detailed review of imaging-depicted muscle injuries involving elite athletes with impairment during the summer Paralympic Games has not been described. A retrospective analysis of team-sport wheelchair falls during Rio 2016 Summer Paralympics was recently published [6], but only focused on mechanisms and characteristics of falls and did not analyze any specific injuries such as muscle injuries or fractures. Injury surveillance reports from London 2012 Summer Paralympic Games, Pyeongchang 2018 and Sochi 2014 Winter Paralympic Games have also been published [7][8][9], although there was no detailed analysis specifically related to muscle injuries.…”

Intelligent System for Training and Assessment of Basketball Referee in Sports Event Using Intelligent Sensor

“…The microprocessor mainly uses the advantages of its various transmission means to make the information output timely and accurate. The microprocessor includes a controller to control the obtained data information, avoid the influence caused by the installation axis error of accelerometer and gyroscope [16], reduce the packaging space, and then output the sensing information. The main advantage of a triaxial magnetometer is that it occupies a small area and has a high synthesis effect [17].…”