Analysis of Systolic Backflow and Secondary Helical Blood Flow in the Ascending Aorta Using Vector Flow Imaging

Hansen, Kristoffer Lindskov; Møller‐Sørensen, Hasse; Kjærgaard, Jesper; Jensen, Mads Christian; Lund, J. W.; Pedersen, Michael Ingemann; Lange, Theis; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt; Nielsen, Michael Bachmann

doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.11.029

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In these limited human studies, the focus has been on proof-of-concept study designs, with small sample sizes, limited a priori hypotheses, and case studies, rather than group comparisons or interventional designs [10,12,13,39,[57][58][59]. Focused studies on basic science or clinical research questions are the natural next step for the field, in which HiFRUS can be used as a specialized research tool for both simple and complex system cardiovascular measurement.…”

Section: Framework For In Vivo Cardiovascular Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riding the Plane Wave: Considerations for In Vivo Study Designs Employing High Frame Rate Ultrasound

Hughson

2018

Applied Sciences

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Advancements in diagnostic ultrasound have allowed for a rapid expansion of the quantity and quality of non-invasive information that clinical researchers can acquire from cardiovascular physiology. The recent emergence of high frame rate ultrasound (HiFRUS) is the next step in the quantification of complex blood flow behavior, offering angle-independent, high temporal resolution data in normal physiology and clinical cases. While there are various HiFRUS methods that have been tested and validated in simulations and in complex flow phantoms, there is a need to expand the field into more rigorous in vivo testing for clinical relevance. In this tutorial, we briefly outline the major advances in HiFRUS, and discuss practical considerations of participant preparation, experimental design, and human measurement, while also providing an example of how these frameworks can be immediately applied to in vivo research questions. The considerations put forward in this paper aim to set a realistic framework for research labs which use HiFRUS to commence the collection of human data for basic science, as well as for preliminary clinical research questions.

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Section: Framework For In Vivo Cardiovascular Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riding the Plane Wave: Considerations for In Vivo Study Designs Employing High Frame Rate Ultrasound

Hughson

2018

Applied Sciences

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“…Since full vector information is available, complex flow patterns can also be made visible and wall shear rates can be estimated. For example, Hansen et al quantified the rotational flow and backflow occurring in the ascending aorta [177], a region susceptible to dilatation in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve [178]. Characterization of the rotational flow in the ascending aorta of such patients may help distinguish those at risk for development of ascending aortic aneurysm.…”

Section: H Arterial Flow Patterns and Wall Shear Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging: I: Sequential Systems

Jensen

Nikolov²,

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

107

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Abstract-The paper gives a review of the most important methods for blood velocity vector flow imaging (VFI) for conventional, sequential data acquisition. This includes multibeam methods, speckle tracking, transverse oscillation, color flow mapping derived vector flow imaging, directional beamforming, and variants of these. The review covers both 2-D and 3-D velocity estimation and gives a historical perspective on the development along with a summary of various vector flow visualization algorithms. The current state-of-the-art is explained along with an overview of clinical studies conducted and methods for presenting and using VFI. A number of examples of VFI images are presented, and the current limitations and potential solutions are discussed.

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“…5 Synchronous with advancements in vector flow estimation techniques, 3,6 various beamforming solutions and hardware have been devised to enhance the temporal resolution of ultrasound systems to facilitate time-resolved flow visualization, such as synthetic aperture compounding based on unfocused pulse firings. 3,[6][7][8][9][10] Accordingly, vector flow imaging has demonstrated potential in vivo in characterizing multidirectional flow patterns that emerge in various vascular branches such as the carotid arteries, 11 the ascending aorta and nearby aortic valves, 12,13 and ventricular shunts. 14 While ultrasound vector flow imaging has improved our capacity to visualize hemodynamic events, its application to vascular physiology investigations is still in its infancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound vector projectile imaging for detection of altered carotid bifurcation hemodynamics during reductions in cardiac output

Yiu

So³

et al. 2019

Medical Physics

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Purpose Complex blood flow is commonly observed in the carotid bifurcation, although the factors that regulate these patterns beyond arterial geometry are unknown. The emergence of high‐frame‐rate ultrasound vector flow imaging allows for noninvasive, time‐resolved analysis of complex hemodynamic behavior in humans, and it can potentially help researchers understand which physiological stressors can alter carotid bifurcation hemodynamics in vivo. Here, we seek to pursue the first use of vector projectile imaging (VPI), a dynamic form of vector flow imaging, to analyze the regulation of carotid bifurcation hemodynamics during experimental reductions in cardiac output induced via a physiological stressor called lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Methods Seven healthy adults (age: 27 ± 4 yr, 4 men) underwent LBNP at −45 mmHg to simulate a postural hemodynamic response in a controlled environment. Using a research‐grade, high‐frame‐rate ultrasound platform, vector flow estimation in each subject’s right carotid bifurcation was performed through a multi‐angle plane wave imaging (two transmission angles of 10° and −10°) formulation, and VPI cineloops were generated at a frame rate of 750 fps. Vector concentration was quantified by the resultant blood velocity vector angles within a region of interest; lower concentration indicated greater flow dispersion. Discrete concentration values during peak and late systole were compared across different segments of the carotid artery bifurcation before, and during, LBNP. Results Vector projectile imaging revealed that external and internal carotid arteries exhibited regional hemodynamic changes during LBNP, which acted to reduce both the subject’s cardiac output (Δ − 1.2 ± 0.5 L/min, −19%; P < 0.01) and peak carotid blood velocity (Δ − 6.30 ± 8.27 cm/s, −7%; P = 0.05). In these carotid artery branches, the vector concentration time trace before and during LBNP were observed to be different. The impact of LBNP on flow complexity in the two carotid artery branches showed variations between subjects. Conclusions Using VPI, intuitive visualization of complex hemodynamic changes can be obtained in healthy humans subjected to LBNP. This imaging tool has potential for further applications in vascular physiology to identify and quantify complex hemodynamic features in humans during different physiological stressor tests that regulate hemodynamics.

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Analysis of Systolic Backflow and Secondary Helical Blood Flow in the Ascending Aorta Using Vector Flow Imaging

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Riding the Plane Wave: Considerations for In Vivo Study Designs Employing High Frame Rate Ultrasound

Riding the Plane Wave: Considerations for In Vivo Study Designs Employing High Frame Rate Ultrasound

Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging: I: Sequential Systems

Ultrasound vector projectile imaging for detection of altered carotid bifurcation hemodynamics during reductions in cardiac output

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