This study aimed to examine the difficulties that students encounter in comprehending fundamental concepts related to atomic structure and chemical bonds in the Basic Chemistry course. Population from study is student Chemistry Department FMIPA Unimed in 2022/2023. Determination of the sample study used random sampling. The sample in the study consisting of 80 students from 3 classes, namely: PSPK22C, CESP22, and PSKM22B. The results of the study show that average value for CESP22 class, PSPK22C, and PSKM22B respectively is 70.167; 56.621; and 54.212, meanwhile average value for third class is 58,675 (categories low). The materials with the level low and very low mastery are: Bohr atomic model, atomic mechanics model wave, Atomic Properties, Formation process ionic bond, Formation process bond covalent, and Shape molecule. Material Numbers quantum, Properties ionic compounds, and Exceptions octet rule on formation bond covalent in category good and very good.