Analysis of stress intensity factors in railway wheel under the influence of stress field due to heat treatment and press-fitting process

Aliakbari, Karim; Abbasnia, Shahab Kamel; Nejad, Reza Masoudi; Manoochehri, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105736

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Press-fitted joints between the wheels and axle seats are critical points of the initiation of fatigue damage [22]; therefore, it is necessary to verify how surface laser hardening affects the fatigue resistance of wheel seats in comparison with standard untreated surfaces. An experiment was designed where the entire axle seat was laser-hardened and only the most critical area, the inner edge of the axle seat, was hardened to simplify and cheapen production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Stresses and the Microstructure of Modeled Laser-Hardened Railway Axle Seats under Fatigue

Čapek,

Trojan,

Kec

et al. 2024

Metals

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Railway wheels are usually attached to axles by press-fitting; therefore, the mechanical processes taking place during operation can result in failure, with fatal consequences for the axle seats. This manuscript describes the effect of laser hardening on the residual stress state, microstructural parameters (lattice defects—dislocations, crystallites, microstrains, etc.), and mechanical properties of laser-hardened EA1N steel railway axles under fatigue life conditions. Differences were found between ground, single-track, and multi-track hardened surfaces. Tensile residual stresses, low dislocation densities and hardnesses, and different microstructures (tempered cubic martensite) were found at the overlapped tracks and at the boundary of the heat-affected zone and bulk surface compared with the hardened zone. As a result, the surface treatment of axle seats by laser hardening improved the fatigue failure resistance compared with untreated seats. Optimal properties of the integrity of the axle seat surface were achieved, including fatigue resistance, which seems to be positively influenced mainly by sufficient hardness and the appropriate microstructure. The influence of the other investigated parameters was not evident, and was reduced by the presence of fretting corrosion and press-fitting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Stresses and the Microstructure of Modeled Laser-Hardened Railway Axle Seats under Fatigue

Čapek,

Trojan,

Kec

et al. 2024

Metals

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“…As an element of the running gear, that connection must ensure travel safety without exceptions [3,4]. Press-fitted joints between the wheels and axle seats are critical points for the initiation of fatigue damage [5,6]. Therefore, the problem of wheel set construction and operation is of interest to many structural engineers and scientists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of PVD Coatings for Anti-Wear Protection of the Press-In Connection Elements

Kowalski

2024

Coatings

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Press-in connections are the commonly used methods for connecting machinery components. In relation to that wide use, those connections are liable to various types of damage and wear. Therefore, this article proposes one of the methods which may improve the life of the press-in connection. CrN+OX, TiN, and ZrN coatings made in the PVD technology were used. The coatings were applied on shafts mating with sleeves and subjected to a rotational bending moment. Tests and observations were conducted that enabled the assessment of the influence of those coatings on the development of wear, in particular fretting, in the tribological kinematic pair. The tests showed the development of wear on all the observed shaft surfaces, with a lower intensity of damage recorded on coated shafts compared to uncoated ones. The traces of fretting wear were noted each time at the edges of the connection, which is due to the mechanism of wear development under rotational bending conditions. In the case of uncoated shafts, wear occurs at the entire circumference of the axle seat in the form of a 3–4 mm wide ring; however, that width is different on either side. In the case of coated shafts, wear occurs on the circumference of the axle seat in the form of a thin ring 1–3 mm wide, depending on the coating. In the case of a ZrN coating, fretting wear appears locally. The largest surface area occupied by wear is 0.75 cm2. Fretting wear comprises mainly material build-ups, pits, and surface scratches. In addition to fretting wear, damage resulting from the process of forcing the sleeve onto the shaft was observed on the tested surfaces.

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“…The effects of some factors such as the load type, crack formation angle, and penetration of foreign liquids in the cracks were investigated on the rolling contact fatigue crack growth. Aliakbari et al, 16 by using boundary element method, investigated the SIFs variations in the cracks in new wheel type as rim‐wheel under heat treatment and press‐fitting process' induced residual stresses. They superimposed the calculated SIFs in pure modes and studied the effects of some parameters, such as the crack length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of stress intensity factors in sliding and tearing modes for subsurface elliptical cracks in rolling train wheels

Seifi

Asadi

2023

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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In the railway systems, induced contact between wheels and rails creates maximum shear stress around the contact surfaces. These shear stresses vary with the wheel's rolling and can initiate and extend subsurface cracks in the wheel and rail. The most common subsurface cracks in the rail systems have elliptical forms. Sliding and tearing modes of the fracture can be observed due to different components of the shear stresses around the contact area. Compressive normal stress has no considerable effects on in-plane and out-of-plane shear modes for subsurface cracks. In this research, by proper modeling of the wheel and rail, the effects of dimensions, position, and depth of the subsurface cracks on the stress intensity factors of the sliding (K II ) and tearing (K III ) modes have been investigated. Also, variations of the K II and K III values versus wheel rolling angles and frictions have been considered. The validity and accuracy of the cracked model created by sub-modeling technique have been verified by half-space modeling and weight function method.

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Analysis of stress intensity factors in railway wheel under the influence of stress field due to heat treatment and press-fitting process

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Residual Stresses and the Microstructure of Modeled Laser-Hardened Railway Axle Seats under Fatigue

Residual Stresses and the Microstructure of Modeled Laser-Hardened Railway Axle Seats under Fatigue

The Use of PVD Coatings for Anti-Wear Protection of the Press-In Connection Elements

Study of stress intensity factors in sliding and tearing modes for subsurface elliptical cracks in rolling train wheels

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