Analysis of Space Usage on Train Station Platforms Based on Trajectory Data

Küpper, Mira; Seyfried, Armin

doi:10.3390/su12208325

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…However, these situations are usually not observable to the same extent due to data protection issues. Potential solutions include the use of recordings of trajectory data only (without video footage) such as analysed in [ 16 ]—but these lack the details needed for a social psychological study (subjective data, video footage with details such as focus, posture, body orientation). However, a systematic combination of both approaches might be a future avenue to increase ecological validity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, research into pedestrian dynamics has rarely addressed waiting behaviour. To be more precise, waiting is generally considered less in terms of the use of space and more as a necessary disruption of movement (such as in bottlenecks or in front of closed entrances) and thus something to be avoided (as an exception, see [ 16 ]). This article, however, is interested precisely in waiting and considers it to be a space-use behaviour in its own right rather than a mere interruption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations

Kónya

Sieben

2023

R. Soc. open sci.

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Research on pedestrian dynamics has generally dealt with temporary gatherings of people who do not know each other personally. These gatherings are often framed as highly individualized encounters in which social interactions play no or only a marginal role. However, recent research based on self-categorization theory showed the relevance of salient social identity for crowd dynamics. Drawing on the interactionist approach of social identity theory and the work of Erving Goffman and Alfred Schütz, this paper aims to show that anonymous encounters are carefully concerted social phenomena. The authors present the results of an exploratory social psychological experiment ( N = 83), in which groups of participants were asked to wait for 5 min in a designated area with different communicative conditions and then to walk to a narrow exit. Based on the assumption that communication and conformity to expectations influences the behaviour of those present, we introduced four modifications during the waiting time and analysed questionnaire data and video recordings in a mixed-methods design. The results show that direct communication correlates with higher speed, cell phone use with greater distance to the nearest neighbour, and unexpected behaviour with slower movement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations

Kónya

Sieben

2023

R. Soc. open sci.

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“…The categorisation was performed by determining the start and end points of the trajectories: a boarding passengers trajectory starts at a platform entry and ends at a train door. A detailed discussion and analysis of that matter can be found in the authors' previous work, see [46]. All trajectories that are shorter than 20 seconds were not included in the analysis, as this time interval was identified as minimal observation time needed for visual analysis (see section Parameter Study and Validation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first peak mainly relates to boarding, the second to alighting passengers. The velocity distribution can be found in the author's previous work [46].…”

Section: Speed Calculation and Waitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of social groups and waiting pedestrians at railway platforms using trajectory data

Küpper

Seyfried

2023

PLoS ONE

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To investigate the impact of social groups on waiting behaviour of passengers at railway platforms a method to identify social groups through the monitoring of distances between pedestrians and the stability of those distances over time is introduced. The method allows the recognition of groups using trajectories only and thus opens up the possibility of studying crowds in public places without constrains caused by privacy protection issues. Trajectories from a railway platform in Switzerland were used to analyse the waiting behaviour of passengers in dependence of waiting time as well as the size of social groups. The analysis of the trajectories shows that the portion of passengers travelling in groups reaches up to 10% during the week and increases to 20% on the weekends. 60% of the groups were pairs, larger groups were less frequent. With increasing group size, the mean speed of the members decreases. Individuals and pairs often choose waiting spots at the sides of the stairs and in vicinity of obstacles, while larger groups wait close to the platform entries. The results indicate that passengers choose waiting places according to the following criteria and ranking: shortest ways, direction of the next intended action, undisturbed places and ensured communication. While individual passengers often wait in places where they are undisturbed and do not hinder others, the dominating comfort criterion for groups is to ensure communication. The results regarding space requirements of waiting passengers could be used for different applications. E.g. to enhance the level of service concept assessing the comfort of different types of users, to avoid temporary bottlenecks to improve the boarding and alighting process or to increase the robustness of the performance of railway platforms during peak loads by optimising the pedestrian distribution.

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“…[ 22 , 23 ]. In regions close to obstacles passengers accept higher densities while waiting [ 22 , 24 ]. At a two-sided platform usually only regions at the platform side of the expected train arrival are occupied [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waiting in crowded places: influence of number of pedestrians, waiting time and obstacles

Küpper,

Seyfried

2023

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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At crowded places, like railway platforms at rush hour, the spatial distribution of waiting pedestrians has a significant influence on performance and level of comfort. However, the choice of waiting places and the resulting spatial distribution of the crowd have rarely been studied. This study investigates the effects of obstacles, number of passengers and waiting time on the distribution of waiting passengers. Laboratory experiments were performed using a mock-up platform with three set-ups: without obstacles, with a narrow and a wide obstacle. Density profiles determine preferred waiting places. While the space usage by waiting passengers is inhomogeneous, the distances between the individuals show surprisingly small variations, regardless of obstacles and number of passengers. This suggests a robust collective optimization of the crowd when searching for waiting positions. In doing so, and without necessity, the participants chose distances to each other extending into the personal zone specified in classical personal-space-concepts. These results indicate necessary refinements of the concept by considering context and collective behaviour. The findings are transformed into floor-fields modelling the space usage by a superposition of attractive or repulsive areas which consider optimization of distances and comfort. This model does not only reproduce the waiting places at platforms but can be adapted for other use cases.

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Analysis of Space Usage on Train Station Platforms Based on Trajectory Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations

Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations

Identification of social groups and waiting pedestrians at railway platforms using trajectory data

Waiting in crowded places: influence of number of pedestrians, waiting time and obstacles

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